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ADVANCES IN MENTAL HEALTH Volume 11, Issue 2, February 2013
LETTER TO THE EDITOR
Suicide bereavement and the media
SUSAN BEATON, PETER FORSTER* AND MYFANWY MAPLE
+
Beyondblue, Hawthorn, VIC, Australia; *University of Worcester, Worcester, UK;
+
University of New
England, Armidale, NSW, Australia
A
version of this Letter to the Editor has
been published in journal of the British
Psychological Society journal The Psychologist:
Beaton, S., Forster, P., and Maple, M. (2012).
The language of suicide. The Psychologist, 25, 731.
Letters. http://blog.une.edu.au/crnmentalhealth/
2012/10/08/the-language-of-suicide/
Permission has been given by the editor to
share this letter with Australian colleagues and
have it published in Australia.
LETTER TO THE EDITOR – ADVANCES IN
MENTAL HEALTH
Suicide is not a sin and is no longer a crime so we
should stop saying that people ‘commit’ suicide.
We now live in a time when we seek to under-
stand people who experience suicidal ideation,
behaviours and attempts and to treat them with
compassion rather than condemn them.
This issue is important because of the three
powerful, historical and potentially stigmatising
uses to which the word ‘commit’ has been put:
1. The word ‘commit’ is commonly used in
connection with religious offences. Indeed
suicide is considered wrong in many reli-
gions (Cholbi, 2009). Over time suicide
has been regarded as a cardinal sin in some
religions and is often considered a moral sin
today.
2. In the past, suicide was a criminal act in
many countries. For example, there was a
legal prohibition against suicide in England
and Wales until the (Suicide Act, 1961) was
introduced. As well as decriminalising sui-
cide, this Act made it an offence to assist
in a suicide, which had the unique effect of
criminalising an accessory when the principal
has not committed a crime. The law relat-
ing to suicide in Australia varies by state, but
it is no longer a crime in any state or terri-
tory. In the state of Victoria for example, the
Crimes Act 1958, Section 6A states, ‘The
rule of law whereby it is a crime for a person
to commit or to attempt to commit suicide is
hereby abrogated,’ (Victorian Consolidated
Legislation, n.d.).
3. In many countries care for those with mental
illness can be sought involuntarily (usually
when the person is so unwell they are unable
to admit themselves to care). This is often
the only occurrence outside of committing a
crime and being held, that an individual can
be detained without their consent.
As suicide is viewed differently by different
people (with and without religious affiliation),
it is not a crime in many parts of the world,
and association to mental illness is not always
applicable, using the word ‘commit’ within the
context of suicide is not only unnecessary, it is
also harmful. Suicide is a considerable public
health issue with ripple effects throughout the
community. Those affected by suicide (whether
personally or due to the death of a person to
whom they are connected) are vulnerable and
often stigmatised. We need to talk more about
suicide, and provide safe places for this to
occur in a manner that is helpful and healthy.
However, such talk is often stuck in concepts
and language from the past (including the use of
the word ‘commit’) that perpetuate stigma, con-
strain thinking and reduce help seeking behav-
iour. Those bereaved by suicide and those who
have been suicidal themselves have commented
on the negative and unhelpful effects of stigma-
tising language (Alberta Mental Health Board,
n.d.; Maple, Edwards, Plummer, & Minichiello,
2010; Sommer-Rotenberg, 1998).