Technical Note
Arthroscopic-Assisted Surgical Technique for Treating
Patella Fractures
Arturo Makino, M.D.,Luis Aponte-Tinao, M.D.,D. Luis Muscolo, M.D.,
Miguel Puigdevall, M.D.,and Matias Costa-Paz, M.D.
Abstract: The purpose of this study was to describe and report preliminary results of an arthroscopic-
assisted surgical technique for the treatment of displaced transverse patella fractures with percuta-
neous internal fixation. We applied this technique in 5 patients who presented a displaced transverse
patella fracture and were followed-up for an average of 18 months. Underan image-intensifier
fluoroscope, the fracture was closely reduced with a percutaneously reduction clamp while the
congruence of the articular surface was monitored arthroscopically. Two Kirschner wires were
inserted perpendicular to the fracture line followed by 2 cannulated lag screws obtaining interfrag-
mentary compression. By using a cannulated guide, 2 wires were threaded through both cannulated
screws and percutaneously were crossed over the top of the patella creating a figure-8 pattern tension
band. At final follow-up, radiographic consolidation was achieved in all patients obtaining full range
of motion and returning to the activity level previous to the fracture. Arthroscopic internal fixation
is a valid alternative for the treatment of intra-articular displaced and noncomminuted patella
fractures. This technique allows healing of the fracture with low patient morbidity, a shorthospi-
talization period, and an accelerated rehabilitation of the affected knee. Key Words: Patella—
Fracture—Arthroscopy—Percutaneous internal fixation.
D
isplaced transverse patella fractures affect the joint
surface and disrupt the extensor mechanism (Fig 1).
The displacement of patella fragments and the articular
incongruence are the main indications for surgical treat-
ment of these fractures.
1
The goal of operative fixation is
to achieve an anatomic reduction of the articular surface
and, through a stable fixation, allow the knee early mo-
tion.
2
This operation is usually performed with an open
technique that requires a substantial dissection of the
peripatellar softtissues, with a long skin incision to
provide an adequate visualization of the fracture as wel
as the joint surface. The traditional technique may caus
an important amount of adhesions and prolonged disab
ity during the rehabilitation period,
3
as well as a cosmet-
ically unpleasant scar.
With the use of arthroscopy, it is possible to evaluate
the articular surface reduction without performing an
arthrotomy, making it possible to perform a closed re-
duction and a percutaneous treatment of the fracture.
4,5
This may lead to less morbidity, a short hospitalization
period, and an accelerated knee recovery. The purpose
this study was to describe and report preliminary result
of an arthroscopic-assisted surgical technique for the
treatment of displaced transverse patella fractures with
percutaneous internal fixation.
OPERATIVE TECHNIQUE
Surgery is performed with the patient in the supine
position and the knee extended. Percutaneous reduc-
From the Department of Arthroscopic Surgery (A.M., L.A.T.,
M.P.,M.C.P.) and the Orthopedic Department “Carlos E.Otto-
lenghi” (D.L.M.), Italian Hospital of Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Address correspondence and reprint requests to Arturo Makino,
M.D.,CINEOT,Potosi4215,1199 BuenosAires,Argentina.
E-mail: vgaiteiro@hitalba.edu.ar
© 2002 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
0749-8063/02/1806-3245$35.00/0
doi:10.1053/jars.2002.30745
671 Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery, Vol 18,No 6 (July-August), 2002: pp 671– 675