Generic Thermal Model of Electric Appliances Integrated in Low Energy Building Herie PARKa,c,*, Marie Ruellan", Nadia Martaj b , Rachid Bennacer b and Eric Monmassona aSATIE CNRS UMR8026, University of Cergy-Pontoise, Cergy-Pontoise, France b LMT CNRS UMR 8535, Ecole Nomale Superieure de Cachan, Cachan, France cDep. of electrical engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, Gyeongbuk, Korea (herie.park, marie.ruellan, eric.monmasson)@u-cergy.r, nadia _ martaj@yahoo.r, rachid.bennacer@dgc.ens-cachan.r Abstract-This paper presents a generic thermal model of electric appliances as an auxiliary heat source in low energy consumption buildings. The electric appliances are irstly classiied into four categories by their heat and mass transfers. The mathematical model and its electric equivalent circuit are proposed based on the irst law of thermodynamics and the thermal-electric analogy. Then the correspondence between the proposed model and the ARX model is presented for a parametric identiication. To illustrate this study, two electric appliances of the closed-heating category, a monitor and a refrigerator, are selected. Each model has been experimentally tested and identiied in a well-insulated building. They are implemented in a simple RC-Iumped building model and simulated using Matlab/Simulink. Both experimental data and simulation results are compared. I. INTRODUCTION Nowadays, the concept of low energy buildings is focused on achieving low environmental impacts of buildings. It is especially related to the amounts of energy consumption and of CO2 emission. In order to reduce the environmental impacts and realize high energy eiciency of buildings, many countries strengthen their building regulations and codes. In addition, many researchers have also worked on analyzing the energy performance of buildings and integrating the renewable energy technologies into buildings [1]. In the ield of building, the energy is used for space heating/cooling, lighting, equipment/appliances operating and water heating. The energy demands for heating and cooling system are more than a third of the energy used in both of residential and non-residential (or commercial) buildings [2]. These demands depend on the exterior characteristics of buildings, the physical properties as well as the types, and the energy eficiencies of inner sub-systems of buildings. Therefore, the themal analysis of buildings based on this infomation is important to assess the building energy performance. Furthermore, the analysis pemits to predict thermal responses, design sub-systems, calculate heating/cooling loads, and conrol these sub-systems of buildings. It is helpul to achieve the energy eiciency and the thermal comfort of buildings. During the past few decades, building energy simulation tools have developed for such a thermal analysis. The most representative simulation tools of them are ESP-r, TRNSYS, EnergyPlus, SPARK and SIMBAD. These are based on undamental laws of energy, heat and mass transfer [3-4]. With the help of the validated building simulation tools, energy performance of a building could be evaluated during its life cycle. It is obvious that the results of the evaluation differ rom building components. Among the components, there are intenal heat gains caused by solar irradiation, operations of electric appliances and occupant's behavior in a building. These gains have been taken into account for the heating/cooling loads calculation. In low energy building, which thermal insulation is reinforced, the intenal heat gains become decisive factors on the building energy consumption and the thermal comfort of occupants. However, because of their uncertainties it is not easy to predict the gains. Thus, ahnost of the simulation tools have been used the past weather information and the pre detemined proiles of electric load usages and the occupancy. These uncertainties of heat gains have been caused retroit errors between the simulation and the validation of energy analysis of buildings [5-6]. Moreover, as more reliable results and accuracies are expected, the simulation time interval tends to be shorter than an hour. In intra-hour simulations, the models of a building and its sub-systems have to be more accurate in order to catch the highest dynamics. Even though many researchers have worked on solar irradiation models [7-8], both deterministic and stochastic models of occupant's behavior and lighting usages [9-10], metabolic heat gains by occupants [11] in buildings, there are only a few works on the modeling of heat gain of electric appliances [12-13]. Therefore, the objective of this paper is to propose a generic thermal model of electric appliances. It is especially applied in low energy consumption buildings. It permits to calculate the temporal heat gain of electric appliances and predict the indoor temperature of the building. For this, we irstly classiy electric appliances regarding their power characteristics. In section III the generic model are introduced based on the irst law of thermodynamics and the thermal electric analogy. A parametric identiication method of the proposed model using ARX model is presented. In section IV the proposed model is applied to two actual cases: a monitor and a rerigerator. Then the parameterized models are integrated in a simple building model implemented on Matlab/Simulink. Simulated temperature evolutions and heat lux of each model are compared to measured experimental results. The last section concludes the work. 978-1-4673-2421-2/12/$31.00 ©2012 IEEE 3318