The Relationship of Attention Deficit
Hyperactivity Disorder to Crime and
Delinquency: a Meta-Analysis
Travis C. Pratt, Francis T. Cullen, Kristie R. Blevins, Leah Daigle and
James D. Unnever
Department of Political Science/Criminal Justice, Washington State University, 801
Johnson Tower, Pullman, WA 99164–4880; Tel. + 00 1 509 335–2544; Fax + 00 1 509
335–7990; E-mail tpratt@mail.wsu.edu
Received: 3 March 2002; accepted July 2002
Travis C. Pratt PhD University of Cincinnati, is
an Assistant Professor in the Department of
Political Science/Criminal Justice at Washington
State University. Previously, he was on the faculty
of the School of Criminal Justice, Rutgers Uni-
versity. His research focuses on institutional cor-
rections, criminal justice policy, and structural
and macro-level theories of crime. His recent
publications have appeared in Criminology,
Crime and Delinquency , the Journal of Criminal
Justice, and Justice Quarterly.
Francis T. Cullen PhD Columbia University, is
Distinguished Research Professor of Criminal
Justice and Sociology at the University of Cin-
cinnati. His most recent books include Combat-
ing Corporate Crime: Local Prosecutors at Work,
Criminological Theory: Context and Consequen-
ces, and Criminological Theory: Past to Present
— Essential Readings. His current research
interests include the use of meta-analysis to
organise criminological knowledge, the impact of
social support on crime, the measurement of
sexual victimisation, and rehabilitation as a cor-
rectional policy.
Kristie R. Belvins is a PhD student in Criminal
Justice at the University of Cincinnati, where she
also serves as the Assistant Director of the Divi-
sion of Criminal Justice’s distance learning MS
Programme. She has previously published in the
area of capital punishment. Her current research
interests include public attitudes toward the
death penalty, explaining inmate adaptations to
imprisonment, and the empirical adequacy of
deterrence theory.
Leah E. Daigle is a PhD student in Criminal
Justice at the University of Cincinnati. She has
previously published on women’s reporting of
sexual victimisation to law enforcement officials
and the factors affecting a victim’s definition of
an assault as a rape. Currently, she is investigat-
ing the impact of family factors on delinquency
and, in particular, the relative causal importance
of parents in criminal behaviour across the life
course.
James D. Unnever PhD Duke University, is Pro-
fessor of Sociology at Radford University. His
current research investigates the dynamics of
schools having a culture of bullying and the
impact of ADHD and low self-control on bullying
and juvenile delinquency. He also has recently
completed research testing coercion theory,
examining the relationship between various
forms of coercion and criminal involvement.
ABSTRACT
In recent years, criminologists have begun to focus
more closely on how certain biosocial and/or
neuropsychological factors may influence criminal
and delinquent behaviour. One factor that is
International Journal of Police
Science and Management,
Vol. 4 No. 4, 2002, pp. 344–360.
© Vathek Publishing,
1461–3557
International Journal of Police Science & Management Volume 4 Number 4
Page 344