Synthesis of Hydroxyapatite in Polymeric Solutions for
Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposites
Guiqiu Zheng, Xudong Li*, Xiaomin Wang, Suhong Yu, Zhongwei Gu,
Xingdong Zhang
Engineering research center in biomaterials, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610064, P.R. China
*corresponding author, e-mail: xli20004@yahoo.com
Keywords: hydroxyapatite, poly(vinyl alcohol), poly(acrylic acid), nanocomposites, in situ synthesis
Abstract. Synthesis of hydroxyapatite (HA) in organic solutions has received extensive attention in
recent years with an attempt to obtain HA of a nanometer level. In this preliminary study, we
demonstrated that organic-HA nanocomposites could also be achieved with one step method via in
situ mineralization and subsequent crosslinking of organic species. This design was realized
through in situ synthesis of hydroxyapatite in poly(vinyl alcohol) and acrylic acid aqueous solution
as an organic template. The aforementioned organic-inorganic nanocomposites were analyzed by
using X-ray diffraction, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electrical microscopy,
thermal analysis. The comparative structural measurements were also conducted with the
synthesized HA with absence of the organic template. The results indicated that the existence of
organic species effectively inhibits the growth of calcium phosphate and that relatively pure HA can
be obtained in sintered composite products. The present study provides a direct and versatile route
for fabrication of nanocomposite biomaterials.
Introduction
Biomineralization occurs in the organic matrix which forms biominerals with the unique properties
[1,2]. Hydroxyapatite (HA) as a kind of bioactive ceramic has been extensively used for bone
substitutes. The wet chemistry method is usually adopted to synthesize the initial powder which is
then sintered at high temperature to give HA with adequate strengths. Various organic species were
reported to introduce to the chemical synthesis of calcium phosphates (CP) [3]. The intervention of
organic species effectively reduced the size of synthetic CP particles. The fine CP particles have
been shown to facilitate achieving HA ceramics with good mechanical strengths and could also be
used for other medical application.
Bone is a natural composite composed of nano-sized hydroxyapatite and organic matrix,
primarily collagen protein [4]. These two components are elaborately organized so as to meet the
requirements of different physiological functions [5]. The combination of organic polymers with HA
for bone substitutes gives rise to a composite material with elastic modulus close to natural bone, and
meanwhile avoids the fatigue and brittleness of pure ceramic materials. Recently, biomimetic
methods have been used to produce organic-HA composites, according to the mechanism of
biomineralization [6]. In the present study, the synthesis of CP was conducted in the presence of
poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and acrylic acid monomer (AA) aqueous solution. The carboxylic groups
of AA will ionize when the pH value of the solution is higher than pKα (about 4.2 for AA), and such
Key Engineering Materials Vols. 330-332 (2007) pp. 427-430
online at http://www.scientific.net
© (2007) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
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