Distal Radius Fractures: A
Comparison of Tension Band
Wiring Versus Ulnar Outrigger
External Fixation for the
Management of Distal Radioulnar
Instability
David S. Ruch, MD, Boyd C. Lumsden, MD,
Anastasios Papadonikolakis, MD, Winston-Salem, NC
Purpose: To retrospectively compare the results of immobilization of the forearm in supination with the
results of tension band fixation of the ulnar styloid in 35 patients with distal radius fractures, fracture of
the base of the ulnar styloid, and distal radioulnar joint instability treated with external fixation.
Methods: Thirty-five patients with fractures of the distal radius, fracture of the base of the ulnar
styloid, and unstable distal radioulnar joint had external fixation with adjunctive percutaneous pins
and allograft bone to reduce and stabilize the distal radius fracture anatomically. Only those
patients with an associated ulnar styloid base fracture displaced over 2 mm with gross distal
radioulnar joint instability relative to the contralateral wrist were included in this study. Group 1
consisted of patients in whom the ulnar styloid base fracture was treated with conventional tension
band wiring techniques. Group 2 patients were treated with a supplemental outrigger from the
external fixator to the ulna and locked in 60° of forearm supination. Groups 1 and 2 had an average
follow-up period of 40 and 36 months, respectively.
Results: Group 2 had significantly better supination than group 1. In terms of functional outcome
it was found that there was no significant difference for the Disabilities of the Arm, Shoulder, and
Hand and the Gartland and Werley scores between the 2 treatment groups. There was a lower rate
of complications and fewer secondary procedures were required in group 2. The incidence of distal
ulna resection was 4 of the 35 patients (2 patients in each group).
Conclusions: Our results indicate that patients in whom the ulnar styloid can be reduced and
maintained in supination can be treated effectively with fixed supination outrigger external
fixation. This method resulted in a statistically significant improvement in supination and a lower
rate of distal radioulnar joint complications, and it required fewer secondary procedures. (J Hand
Surg 2005;30A:969 –977. Copyright © 2005 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand.)
Key words: Dislocations, distal, fracture, radioulnar, treatment.
From the Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC.
Received for publication December 29, 2004; accepted in revised form May 4, 2005.
The author or one or more of the authors have received or will receive benefits for personal or professional use related directly or indirectly to the
subject of this article from Synthes Corp., Paoli, PA; and Orthofix Corp., Henderson, TX. In addition, benefits have been or will be directed to a research
fund, foundation, educational institution, or other non-profit organization with which one or more of the authors are associated.
Corresponding author: David S. Ruch, MD, Professor, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Wake Forest University Health Sciences, Medical Center
Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1070; e-mail: druch@wfubmc.edu.
Copyright © 2005 by the American Society for Surgery of the Hand
0363-5023/05/30A05-0013$30.00/0
doi:10.1016/j.jhsa.2005.05.005
The Journal of Hand Surgery 969