Act Nerv Super Rediviva 2010; 52(4): 269–271
SHORT REPORT
Activitas Nervosa Superior Rediviva Volume 52 No. 4 2010
Methamphetamine does not influence the metabolic activity of
CYP 1A2, 2C6 and 2D2 isoenzymes in the animal study
Ondřej Zendulka
2
, Jan Juřica
1,2
, Michaela Sabová
2
, Alexandra Šulcová
1,2
1
Central European Institute of Technology (CEITEC), Masaryk University, Brno
2
Faculty of Medicine,
Department of Pharmacology, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Correspondence to: PharmDr. Jan Juřica, Ph.D., Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk
University Brno, Czech Republic, tel: +420549494531 fax: +420549492364. email: jurica@med.muni.cz
Submitted: 2010-11-12 Accepted: 2010-12-01 Published online: 2011-01-25
Key words:
methamphetamine; cytochrome P450; isolated perfused rat liver
Act Nerv Super Rediviva 2010; 52(4): 269–271 ANSR520410A09 © 2010 Act Nerv Super Rediviva
Introduction
Methamphetamine (MET) belongs to the amphet-
amine group of sympathomimetic drugs. It is approved
by the FDA for the treatment of ADHD and exogenous
obesity, but it is frequently illegally used for its psycho-
stimulatory, euphorizing and anorectic activities. The
abuse as well as the pharmacotherapy with MET brings
out the problem of drug-drug interactions, when MET
is co-administered/abused with other medications.
On the pharmacokinetic level the interactions can
be based on biotransformation of MET by CYP450
enzymes (Lin et al 1995). MET abusers, who are exten-
sive metabolizers are more sensitive to neurocognitive
impairment caused by MET’s metabolites (Cherner et
al 2010). The only study (Dostalek et al 2007) avail-
able according to the literature aimed on the influ-
ence of MET on the rat CYP enzymes indicates that
MET acts as an inducer. Thus the knowledge whether
MET modulates the activity of CYP is important for
safe pharmacotherapy with MET, and perhaps also for
the prediction of cognitive disorders in abusers. The
aim of the present study was to investigate MET influ-
ence on the activity of selected CYP isoenzymes in the
model of isolated perfused rat liver.
Methods and materials
Animals
Male Wistar albino rats (Biotest, Konarovice, CZ)
weighing 220 ± 20g were divided into 2 groups of 10
animals. For 10 days the Group I was administered
intraperitoneally with MET (Sigma Chemical Co., St.
Louis, USA) dissolved in saline at increasing doses in
bolus injections as follows: 1
st
day – 2.5 mg/kg/day; 2
nd
day – 5 mg/kg/day; 3
rd
day – 7.5 mg/kg/day; 4
th
–10
th
days – 10 mg/kg/day. The group II (control animals)
was administered in the same manner with saline. All
experimental procedures were approved by the Czech
Central Commission for Animal Welfare.
Model of isolated perfused rat liver
Model of perfused rat liver was used for the determi-
nation of CYP 1A2, 2C6 and 2D2 isoenzyme activ-
ity. Rats were anesthetized with the combination of
ketamine (100 mg/kg) and xylasine (16 mg/kg). The
liver isolation was performed as described elsewhere
(Zendulka et al 2009). Liver was then placed into the
modified Miller’s (Miller et al 1951) perfusion appara-
tus and was perfused with Williams’ medium E (Sigma
Chemical Co., St. Louis, USA).
Marker substances phenacetin (PHE)-CYP 1A2,
diclofenac (DCL)-2C6 and dextromethorphan
(DEM)-2D2 (all Sigma Chemical Co., St. Louis, USA)
were added as a bolus into perfusion medium after 20
minutes of pre-perfusion. Perfusion medium samples
were collected in the 30
th
; 60
th
and 120
th
minute of
perfusion.
Quantitative analysis of markers and metabolites
Levels of markers and their specific metabolites
paracetamol (PAR)-1A2; 4-hydroxydiclofenac
(HDCL)-2C6 and dextrorphan (DEX)-2D2 were ana-
lyzed after extraction from perfusion medium using
validated HPLC method.