Int. J. Strategic Business Alliances, Vol. 1, No. 3, 2010 291 Copyright © 2010 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd. The interplay between formality and informality in managed learning networks Nick Marshall* and George Tsekouras Centre for Research in Innovation Management, University of Brighton, The Freeman Centre (University of Sussex campus), Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QE, UK Fax: +44 (0)1273 877977 E-mail: nick.marshall@brighton.ac.uk E-mail: g.tsekouras@brighton.ac.uk *Corresponding author Abstract: This paper offers an empirical exploration of group-level knowledge practices in a university-managed learning network of small and medium sized enterprises. Managed learning networks are an example of an intermediate form of network relationship with both formal and informal elements. The aim of the paper is to help understand the implications of the degree of formality/informality for group-based learning. This is based on a multi-dimensional conception of formalisation that focuses specifically on two dimensions: firstly, formality as a feature of rule-guided behaviour and secondly, as a characteristic of the social and emotional dynamics of groups. The interplay between these dimensions is examined and an initial framework suggesting the implications of alternative configurations for group learning is proposed. Keywords: learning networks; formalisation; group dynamics; group learning; small business; social rules. Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Marshall, N. and Tsekouras, G. (2010) ‘The interplay between formality and informality in managed learning networks’, Int. J. Strategic Business Alliances, Vol. 1, No. 3, pp.291–308. Biographical notes: Nick Marshall is a Senior Research Fellow in the Centre for Research in Innovation Management at the University of Brighton. His research and publications are primarily in the area of organisational knowledge, learning, and innovation, especially in project-based and other temporary settings. He has been involved in several major funded research projects, recently leading a study looking at the implications for knowledge and learning of differing knowledge and perspectives across multi-functional project teams. He has first degree in geography from the University of Oxford and a PhD from King’s College London. George Tsekouras is a Principal Research Fellow at CENTRIM and the Academic Director of the ProfitNet programme. His research focuses on learning and knowledge sharing networks including their organisational development, IT systems to support them, networks in less developed regions etc. He has also worked in other innovation fields like regional development and links between university and small businesses. He holds a First degree in