Effect of cold plasma treatment on surface roughness and bonding
strength of polymeric substrates
Chiara Mandolfino
1, a *
, Enrico Lertora
1,b
and Carla Gambaro
1,c
1
Polytechnic School of Genoa - Dept. of Mechanical Engineering
Via all’Opera Pia 15
16145 – Genoa – Italy
a
chiara.mandolfino@unige.it,
b
e.lertora@unige.it,
c
gambaro@diptem.unige.it
* Corresponding author
Keywords: Cold plasma treatment, Surface roughness, Polyolefin.
Abstract. For an effective application of polymers, it is essential to have good adhesion behaviour
to ensure good mechanical properties and durable components. Unfortunately, in general terms,
polymers are characterized by high chemical inertness, which leads to very low surface energy
values and, consequently, poor adhesive properties; this is particularly true for polyolefins.
In this study, the effects of low pressure plasma treatment on surface roughness of polyethylene and
polypropylene samples and on shear properties of adhesive bonded joints based on these substrates
have been investigated. In particular, the optimization of three plasma process parameters, exposure
time, voltage and working gas, were studied performing roughness measurement, contact angle
evaluation and lap-shear tests.
The experimental results show that the optimized plasma process may remarkably change the
surface morphology, increasing wettability properties of the surfaces and shear strength of the
bonded joints. These good properties remain almost unchanged even after some days of storage in
the laboratory.
Introduction
In recent times, considerable efforts have been made in several industrial fields for the development
of lighter materials, such as polymers and composites, which are often manufactured by adhesive
bonding to form structural components.
Indeed, numerous studies on bonding techniques compared to welding and riveting have been
conducted for a great number of materials and applications [1,2] and a good adhesive bonded joint
offers several advantages compared to other conventional joining processes, namely acoustic
insulation, vibration attenuation, structure lightening, reduction of corrosion problems and a more
uniform stress distribution [3].
In particular, the main aspect to take into account for an efficient application of polymers is good
adhesion behaviour which ensures good mechanical properties and durable components. Unluckily,
in general terms, polymers are characterized by high chemical inertness, which leads to very low
surface energy values and, consequently, poor adhesive properties and this is particularly true for
polyolefins [4].
Therefore, the surface preparation of polymeric adherends is extremely important in the adhesive
bonding process to increase the necessary surface properties of hydrophilicity and roughness.
A number of surface treatments based both on chemical or physical modifications have been
developed in recent years in order to improve the surface activity of polymers [5,6]. Chemical
treatments modify both the morphology and chemical structure of polymers, but they present serious
environmental problems of waste disposal. On the other hand, physical methods based on
mechanical abrasion are used to increase surface roughness and the bonding area, but could cause an
extensive degradation to the treated specimens [3-6].
Key Engineering Materials Vols. 611-612 (2014) pp 1484-1493
Online available since 2014/May/23 at www.scientific.net
© (2014) Trans Tech Publications, Switzerland
doi:10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.611-612.1484
All rights reserved. No part of contents of this paper may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without the written permission of TTP,
www.ttp.net. (ID: 130.251.66.93-30/06/14,09:06:17)