© Blackwell Publishing Ltd/University of Adelaide and Flinders University of South Australia 2004.
CURRENCY MARKET CONTAGION IN
THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION
#
MARDI DUNGEY
The Australian National University
RENÉE FRY
The Australian National University
VANCE L. MARTIN
The University of Melbourne
During the East Asian currency crisis of 1997–98 the potential transmission of the crisis to developed
markets such as Japan, Australia and New Zealand, was of considerable policy concern. Potential
channels consist of anticipated movements stemming from common factors, spillovers and contagion.
The empirical results show that the transmission of volatility in the East-Asian currency markets to
the developed markets in the region is not due to contagion, but rather attributed to common world
factors. Spillovers have a minor role in the case of Japan and to a lesser degree, Australia.
I. Introduction
The East Asian currency crisis has been widely characterised as beginning with the float and
depreciation of the Thai baht on 2nd July, 1997. This was followed by depreciations of the
Malaysian ringitt, and the Indonesian rupiah which was floated on the 14th August, 1997. The
transmission of pressure between these export-competing economies is interpreted by Goldstein
(1998) as a ‘competitive devaluation’, as the fall in the Thai baht created pressure on the
Malaysian and Indonesian currencies. Even though this channel of pressure did not apply to the
Korean won (see Krugman (1998)), the won nevertheless came under increasing pressure over
1997, and eventually floated on December 22, 1997. Kaminsky and Schmulker (1999) provide
a chronology of the events over the East Asian crisis period. The size of these depreciations and
the subsequent increases in volatility are highlighted in Figure 1. The standard deviations of
currency returns reported in Table I reveal that volatility increased by around 1000% for Korea,
Thailand and Malaysia, and over 5000% for Indonesia.
Figure 1 also reveals that the increase in volatility over the crisis period was not limited to
the East-Asian countries, but was also experienced by other countries on the periphery of the
region, such as Japan, Australia and New Zealand. The standard deviations reported in Table I
show that volatility approximately doubled in the case of Australia and New Zealand, whilst
Correspondence: Renée Fry, Division of Economics, Research School of Pacific and Asian Studies, Coombs
Building, the Australian National University, Canberra, ACT 0200. Email: Renee.Fry@anu.edu.au,
telephone: +61 2 6125 3387, fax: +61 2 6125 3700.
# We would like to thank an anonymous referee and Stan Hurn for useful comments, and Leslie Hull for
providing us with background on New Zealand. This project was funded under ARC large grant
A00001350.