Gender differences in copper, zinc and selenium status in diabetic-free metabolic syndrome European population e The IMMIDIET study J. Arnaud a,b, *, M. de Lorgeril c , T. Akbaraly d,e , P. Salen c , J. Arnout f , F.P. Cappuccio g , M.C.J.M. van Dongen h , M.B. Donati i , V. Krogh j , A. Siani k , L. Iacoviello i , on behalf of the European Collaborative Group of the IMMIDIET Project 1 a Inserm, U 884, Bioe´nerge´tique Fondamentale et Applique´e, BP 53X, Grenoble Cedex 9, F38041 France b De´partement de Biochimie, Toxicologie et Pharmacologie, Poˆle de Biologie, CHU de Grenoble, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France c Laboratoire Cœur et Nutrition, TIMC-IMAG-CNRS UMR 5525, Faculte´de me´decine, Domaine de la Merci, 38710 La Tronche, France d Inserm, U 888, Pathologies du syste`me nerveux: recherche e´pide´miologique et clinique; Universite´Montpellier I. Hoˆpital La Colombie`re, 39 avenue Charles Flahault, BP 34493, Montpellier Cedex 5, F34093, France e Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom f Centre for Molecular and Vascular Biology, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, O&N I Herestraat 49, 3000 Leuven, Belgium g Clinical Sciences Research Institute, Warwick Medical School, The University of Warwick, Coventry CV4 7AL, United Kingdom h Department of Epidemiology, Maastricht University, P.O. Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands i Catholic University, Laboratory of Genetic and Environmental Epidemiology, Research Laboratories, ‘John Paul II’ Centre for High Technology Research and Education in Biomedical Sciences, Largo Gemelli 1, 86100 Campobasso, Italy j Nutritional Epidemiology Unit, National Cancer Institute, Via Venezian, 1, 20133 Milan, Italy k Unit of Epidemiology & Population Genetics, Institute of Food Sciences CNR, Via Roma 64, 83100 Avellino, Italy Received 22 March 2010; received in revised form 18 September 2010; accepted 20 September 2010 KEYWORDS Metabolic syndrome; Copper; Zinc; Abstract Background and aims: The European ‘IMMIDIET’ study was designed to evaluate the effect of genetic and dietary habit interactions on cardiovascular disease risk factors in non- diabetic subjects. Copper, zinc and selenium are involved in redox balance and modifications of their homeostasis could be associated with metabolic syndrome. Because few studies have * Corresponding author. De ´partement de Biochimie, Toxicologie et Pharmacologie, Po ˆle de Biologie, CHU de Grenoble, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble Cedex 9, France. Tel.: þ33 4 76 76 54 84; fax: þ33 4 76 76 56 64. E-mail addresses: JArnaud@chu-grenoble.fr (J. Arnaud), michel.delorgeril@ujf-grenoble.fr (M. de Lorgeril), tasnime.akbaraly@inserm.fr (T. Akbaraly), patricia.salen@ujf-grenoble.fr (P. Salen), jef.arnout@med.kuleuven.be (J. Arnout), f.p.cappuccio@warwick.ac.uk (F.P. Cappuccio), MCJM.vanDongen@EPID.unimaas.nl (M.C.J.M. van Dongen), mbdonati@rm.unicatt.it (M.B. Donati), krogh@istitutotumori.mi. it (V. Krogh), asiani@isa.cnr.it (A. Siani), licia.iacoviello@rm.unicatt.it (L. Iacoviello). 1 The European Collaborative Group of the IMMIDIET Project is listed in the Appendix. available at www.sciencedirect.com journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/nmcd Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases (2010) xx,1e8 + MODEL Please cite this article in press as: Arnaud J, et al., Gender differences in copper, zinc and selenium status in diabetic-free metabolic syndrome European population e The IMMIDIET study, Nutrition, Metabolism & Cardiovascular Diseases (2010), doi:10.1016/ j.numecd.2010.09.005 0939-4753/$ - see front matter ª 2010 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved. doi:10.1016/j.numecd.2010.09.005