Int. J. Environment and Pollution, Vol. 22, No. 5, 2004 597
Copyright © 2004 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.
Heavy metal pollution of soils along North Shuna-–
Aqaba Highway, Jordan
F.M. Howari
*
Faculty of Science, Geology Department, UAE University; PO Box
17551; Al-Ain, UAE
Y. Abu-Rukah
Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Yarmouk University,
Irbid, Jordan
P.C. Goodell
Geological Science Department, University of Texas at El Paso, El
Paso, Texas 79968, USA
Abstract: Attention to heavy metal contamination associated with highways or
motorways has risen in the last decades because of the associated health
hazards and risks. The present study analysed the metal content in soil samples
of one of the main highways along the western part of the Jordanian border, the
North Shuna–Dead Sea–Aqaba Highway. The metals analysed were Pb, Zn,
Cd, Co and Ni. In the samples collected, the recorded average concentrations
were as follows: 40 ppm for Ni, 5 ppm for Cd, 79 ppm for Zn, 79 ppm for Pb,
and 25 ppm for Co. The average concentrations of Cd, Pb, and Co are higher
than the average natural background values of heavy metals. The geo-
accumulation index of these metals in the soils under study indicated that they
are uncontaminated with Ni, Zn, and Co and moderately contaminated with Cd
and Pb. In all of the investigated locations, the study found that concentrations
decreased with depth. The cluster statistical analyses and pollution load index
were used to relate pollution to land use or highway conditions. Two main
trends were identified: (i) higher concentrations were located near intersections
close to the urban areas in the Jordan Valley, in association with junctions
controlled by traffic lights and check points, and (ii) lower concentrations were
found to the southwest in areas of mainly barren landscape close to the Dead
Sea and Aqaba.
Keywords: border, heavy metals, Jordan Valley, motorway, soils.
Reference to this paper should be made as follows: Howari, F.M., Abu-Rukah,
Y. and Goodell, P.C. (2004) ‘Heavy metal pollution of soils along North
Shuna-–Aqaba Highway, Jordan’, Int. J. Environment and Pollution, Vol. 22,
No. 5, pp. 597–607.
*
Author for correspondence.