ISSN 0021-3640, JETP Letters, 2012, Vol. 96, No. 5, pp. 303–307. © Pleiades Publishing, Inc., 2012.
Original Russian Text © A. Sargsyan, R. Mirzoyan, D. Sarkisyan, 2012, published in Pis’ma v Zhurnal Eksperimental’noi i Teoreticheskoi Fiziki, 2012, Vol. 96, No. 5, pp. 333–337.
303
The effect of coherent population trapping (CPT)
and the resulting process of electromagnetically
induced transparency (EIT) are widely implemented
in metrology, magnetometry, deceleration of light and
optical information coding, the problems of quantum
communications, etc. (see [1–3] for a review). In par-
ticular, the development of next-generation atomic
clocks [4, 5] is of great applied interest. Coherent pop-
ulation trapping underlies modern magnetometers for
precise measurements of weak magnetic fields, as well
as some other applications reviewed in [2, 3, 6]. The
behavior of the EIT resonance of Na atoms in mag-
netic fields of up to hundreds of Gauss was described
by Motomura and Mitsunaga [7]. The absence of
works on EIT in higher fields (>500 G) is probably due
to the relative complexity of producing strong homo-
geneous magnetic fields, since the EIT resonances are
formed in cells with a length of a few centimeters filled
with atomic alkali vapors. An important advantage of
using a thin atomic vapor column with L = 30 μm is
the possibility of implementing strong permanent
magnets that can produce B fields of up to thousands
of Gauss over a distance of a few centimeters. The field
of such permanent magnets is strongly inhomoge-
neous. Its gradient can be as high as 100–200 G/mm.
This excludes the use of centimeter-long cells. At the
same time, owing to a small diameter of the vapor col-
umn, the variation of B is several orders of magnitude
lower than the absolute value of the field. In addition,
a buffer gas (neon) with a pressure of ~100 Torr is
added to the cell for the following reason. As was pre-
viously shown [8, 9], an important condition for the
formation of the EIT resonance in the Λ system with
the use of cells with a micron thickness is the smallness
of the frequency detuning Δ between the coupling laser
and the respective atomic transition. High magnetic
fields automatically result in high Δ. In this case, EIT
occurs for the atoms moving in the direction of the
laser radiation z at the velocity V
z
= 2πΔ/k, where k =
2π/λ. This leads to a decrease in the time of flight τ =
L/V
z
(where L is the distance between the cell win-
dows) and, consequently, to a fast increase in the phase
decoherence rate (Γ
12
= 1/2πτ) between the two lower
levels of the Λ system (a wall collision with a large
probability results in the transition of the atom
between the lower levels [9]). An increase in Γ
12
leads
to a fast decrease in the amplitude and an increase in
the width of the EIT resonance. The presence of a
buffer gas (~100 Torr) greatly reduces the mean free
path of the alkali atoms (down to ~1 μm). As a result,
they do not reach the walls of the 30-μm cell [8].
In this paper, we report on the experimental inves-
tigation of the behavior of the EIT resonance in strong
magnetic fields of up to 1.7 kG with the use of the
30-μm cell filled with an atomic rubidium vapor and a
buffer gas (neon). We show that the EIT resonance in
the Λ system of the D
1
line of
85
Rb atoms splits in a
longitudinal magnetic field into five components,
whose frequency behavior depends on the frequency
configuration of the probe and coupling fields and the
magnitude of the magnetic field. We also show that the
study of the characteristics of the EIT components in
high magnetic fields can readily reveal the onset of the
Splitting of the Electromagnetically Induced Transparency
Resonance on
85
Rb Atoms in Strong Magnetic Fields
up to the Paschen–Back Regime
A. Sargsyan, R. Mirzoyan, and D. Sarkisyan*
Institute for Physical Research, National Academy of Sciences of Armenia, Ashtarak-2, 0203 Armenia
*e-mail: davsark@yahoo.com
Received June 29, 2012
Electromagnetically induced transparency (EIT) resonance in strong magnetic fields of up to 1.7 kG has been
investigated with the use of a 30-μm cell filled with an atomic rubidium vapor and neon as a buffer gas. The
EIT resonance in the Λ system of the D
1
line of
85
Rb atoms has been formed with the use of two narrowband
(~1 MHz) 795-nm diode lasers. The EIT resonance in a longitudinal magnetic field is split into five compo-
nents. It has been demonstrated that the frequencies of the five EIT components are either blue- or red-
shifted with an increase in the magnetic field, depending on the frequency ν
P
of the probe laser. In has been
shown that in both cases the
85
Rb atoms enter the hyperfine Paschen–Back regime in magnetic fields of
>1 kG. The hyperfine Paschen–Back regime is manifested by the frequency slopes of all five EIT components
asymptotically approaching the same fixed value. The experiment agrees well with the theory.
DOI: 10.1134/S0021364012170134