Environ Monit Assess
DOI 10.1007/s10661-008-0730-7
Heavy metals in bottom sediments of Lake Umbozero
in Murmansk Region, Russia
J. Jernström · J. Lehto · V. A. Dauvalter ·
A. Hatakka · A. Leskinen · J. Paatero
Received: 8 June 2008 / Accepted: 23 December 2008
© Springer Science + Business Media B.V. 2009
Abstract Sediment cores collected from different
locations of Lake Umbozero were studied with
respect to concentration and mobility of trace
and heavy metals Co, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb, U,
and Zn. Lake Umbozero is the second largest
lake in the Murmansk Region and subjected to
contamination by air-borne emissions and river
transportation from the nearby metallurgical and
mining industries. Unlike its neighboring, more
J. Jernström (B )
Radiation Research Division, Risoe National
Laboratory for Sustainable Energy,
Technical University of Denmark—DTU,
P.O. Box 49, 4000 Roskilde, Denmark
e-mail: jussi.jernstroem@risoe.dk
J. Lehto · A. Hatakka · A. Leskinen
Laboratory of Radiochemistry,
Department of Chemistry,
University of Helsinki,
P.O. Box 55, 00014 Helsinki, Finland
V. A. Dauvalter
Institute of North Industrial Ecology
Problems (INEP), Kola Science Centre,
Russian Academy of Sciences,
14 Fersman St, Apatity,
Murmansk Region, 184209, Russia
J. Paatero
Finnish Meteorological Institute,
Arctic Research Programme,
P.O. Box 503, 00101 Helsinki, Finland
industry-prone Lake Imandra, Lake Umbozero
is relatively unexplored with respect to its state
of pollution. In our study, metal distribution in
sediments was found to vary with respect to the
cores, although in general the concentrations were
at the same level throughout the lake indicating
uniform horizontal distribution of metals. When
compared to Lake Imandra, the concentrations of
most of the metals studied were significantly lower
and represented the levels in sediments measured
in lakes of Kola Peninsula located further off from
industrial pollutant sources. An exception was Pb
the concentration of which was at the same level
as in Lake Imandra, probably due to long-distance
transport. Sediment layers were subjected to four-
step sequential extraction procedure to reveal the
metal distribution in soluble, exchangeable, acid-
soluble, and residual fractions. Indicative of their
potential higher lability, Mn, U, and Zn were
generally found in exchangeable fraction; as also
Mn and U extensively in the acid-soluble fraction.
Keywords Umbozero · Sediments · Pollution ·
Metals · Extraction · Mobility
Introduction
Rich mineral sources in the Murmansk Region
of the Kola Peninsula, Russia, have given rise to