ORIGINAL ARTICLE Prevalence of osteoporotic fracture risk factors and antiosteoporotic treatments in the Valencia region, Spain. The baseline characteristics of the ESOSVAL cohort J. Sanfélix-Genovés & G. Sanfélix-Gimeno & S. Peiró & I. Hurtado & C. Fluixà & A. Fuertes & J. C. Campos & V. Giner & C. Baixauli Received: 3 February 2012 / Accepted: 14 March 2012 # International Osteoporosis Foundation and National Osteoporosis Foundation 2012 Abstract Summary This study provides information on the preva- lence of the most important risk factors for osteoporosis and osteoporotic fracture in a large sample of women and men from the Valencia region and also provides the FRAX 10-year major and hip fracture risks for this population, as well as data about the use of diagnostic tests and antiosteo- porotic treatments. Introduction The purpose of this study was to describe demographic characteristics, osteoporosis risk factors, the 10-year risk of osteoporotic fracture, and the use of densi- tometry and antiosteoporotic treatments in the Valencia re- gion, Spain. Methods A cross-sectional study using the ESOSVAL cohort baseline data was conducted. We analyze the data from 5,310 women and 5,725 men aged 50 and over who attended to 272 collaborating primary care centers in 2009–2010. We collect- ed the demographic, anthropometric, clinical, and pharmacy data from the electronic medical record. Results The mean age of participants was 64.3 years old for women and 65.6 years old for men. The most frequent fracture risk factors were sedentary life (22.2 %) and previ- ous fracture (15.8 %) in women and low calcium intake (21.4 %) and current smoker (20.9 %) in men. According to FRAX ® , the 10-year risk of presenting a major fracture was 5.5 % for the women and 2.8 % for the men. The 10-year risk for hip fracture was 1.9 and 1.1 % for the women and the men, respectively; 23.8 % of the women and 5.2 % of the men had a densitometry test, 27.7 % of the women and 3.5 % of the men were taking calcium and/or vitamin D supplements, and 28.2 % of the women (22.0 % in the 50– 64 age group) and 2.3 % of the men were taking antiosteo- porotic drugs. Conclusions The prevalence of certain fracture risk factors not included in the FRAX tool (sedentary life, falls, low calcium intake) is high. In young women, their low risks estimated by FRAX contrast with the high figures for den- sitometry testing and treatment. Keywords Cross-sectional . Osteoporosis . Osteoporotic fracture . Risk assessment . Risk factors J. Sanfélix-Genovés (*) : G. Sanfélix-Gimeno : S. Peiró : I. Hurtado : C. Baixauli Health Services Research Unit, Centro Superior de Investigación en Salud Pública (CSISP), Avda. de Cataluña 21, 46020 Valencia, Spain e-mail: sanfelix_jos@gva.es J. Sanfélix-Genovés : C. Fluixà Fundación de Investigación del Hospital Clínico Universitario–Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria INCLIVA, Valencia, Spain A. Fuertes Centro de Salud de Alginet, Departamento La Ribera, Agencia Valenciana de Salud, Valencia, Spain J. C. Campos Centro de Salud de Villamarxant, Departamento Valencia-Arnau de Vilanova-Liria, Agencia Valenciana de Salud, Valencia, Spain V. Giner Centro de Salud de Ciudad Jardin, Departamento Alacant-Hospital General, Agencia Valenciana de Salud, Valencia, Spain Osteoporos Int DOI 10.1007/s00198-012-2018-6