Two new species of flukes (Digenea: Bucephalidae: Prosorhynchinae) from the Western Moray Gymnothorax woodwardi (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae) from off Western Australia, with replacement of the pre-occupied generic name Folliculovarium Gu & Shen, 1983 Matthew J. Nolan • Thomas H. Cribb Received: 28 August 2009 / Accepted: 20 October 2009 Ó Springer Science+Business Media B.V. 2010 Abstract Two new species of bucephalid trema- todes are described from the rectum and intestine of the western moray eel Gymnothorax woodwardi McCulloch (Anguilliformes: Muraenidae: Muraeni- nae) off Point Peron in Western Australia. Dollfus- trema gibsoni n. sp. is distinguished by body size, a pharynx that is intertesticular and level (latero- dextrally) with the anterior portion of the cirrus-sac, an ovary positioned dextrally to the testes and slightly anterior to (in part) the anterior testis, a uterus that extends anteriorly to the vitelline follicles but not to the level of the rhynchus, and vitelline follicles that form a confluent arc anterior to the gonads. Mura- enicola nom. nov. is proposed as a replacement generic name for the pre-occupied Folliculovarium Gu & Shen 1983 nec Singh & Sinha 1981. Murae- nicola botti n. sp. is distinguished from its congeners by body size, the size of the cirrus-sac (relative to body size), and in possessing tegumental spines, testes that are oblique (rather than in tandem) and eight ovarian lobes. It differs further in having an intestinal caecum that extends anteriorly to the level of the vitelline follicles and in the position of the pharynx and cirrus-sac relative to each other (lateral in part) as well as to the gonads. M. botti n. sp. also lacks a metraterm. These are the first reports of these genera from fishes off Australia and from the southern hemisphere. Introduction The Muraenidae (Pisces: Anguilliformes) (Moray eels) is a fascinating family of shy and secretive marine eels of waters associated, predominantly, with coral for- mations and rocky outcrops to depths of 150 m (Kuiter, 1996). Nine families of digenean trematodes have been recorded from the approximately 200 known muraenid species (according to the Catalogue of Trematodes of Fishes maintained at the University of Queensland) (Bray, 1991; Dyer et al., 1988; Linton, 1910; Manter & Pritchard, 1960; Nahhas & Cable, 1964; Pe ´rez-Ponce de Leo ´ n et al., 1998; Shen, 1990; Shimazu & Machida, 1995; Yamaguti, 1970). Despite this evident richness, the trematode fauna of muraenids in Australian waters is almost entirely unknown. Just four species of Hemiuridae (Trematoda) are recorded from two spe- cies of Gymnothorax off Western Australia, namely Lecithochirium magnus (Yamaguti, 1938) Nasir M. J. Nolan Á T. H. Cribb (&) The School of Molecular and Microbial Sciences, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia e-mail: T.Cribb@uq.edu.au M. J. Nolan Á T. H. Cribb The Centre for Marine Studies, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, QLD 4072, Australia Present Address: M. J. Nolan Department of Veterinary Science, The University of Melbourne, Werribee, VIC, Australia 123 Syst Parasitol (2010) 76:81–92 DOI 10.1007/s11230-010-9235-1