EFFECTS OF DIFFERENT FOOTWEAR ON VERTICAL
JUMP AND LANDING PARAMETERS
JOE W. LAPORTA,LEE E. BROWN,JARED W. COBURN,ANDREW J. GALPIN,JAMES J. TUFANO,
VANESSA L. CAZAS, AND JEREMY G. TAN
Human Performance Laboratory and Center for Sport Performance, Department of Kinesiology, California State University,
Fullerton, Californian
ABSTRACT
LaPorta, JW, Brown, LE, Coburn, JW, Galpin, AJ, Tufano, JJ,
Cazas, VL, and Tan, JG. Effects of different footwear on vertical
jump and landing parameters. J Strength Cond Res 27(3): 733–
737, 2013—Little is known about the effects of different footwear
on anaerobic performance variables. The purpose of this study
was to investigate the effect of different footwear on vertical
jumping and landing parameters. Ten men and 10 women par-
ticipated. After a dynamic warm-up, subjects performed a vertical
jump (VJ), depth drop (DD), and Bosco test on a force plate in 3
different conditions, on 3 separate days: bare feet
(BF), minimalist footwear (MF), and tennis shoes (TS). Bare feet
had greater relative peak power (relPP) in the VJ (men: BF,
59.87 6 5.09 W$kg
21
; MF, 58.39 6 5.69 W$kg
21
; TS,
57.70 6 6.54 W$kg
21
; women: BF, 45.26 6 4.10 W$kg
21
;
MF, 45.06 6 3.53 W$kg
21
; TS, 44.77 6 4.55 W$kg
21
), while
for men, jump height (JH) was also greater in BF and MF (BF,
44.5 6 4.46 cm; MF, 43.47 6 5.5 cm; TS, 41.47 6 14.45 cm).
Results of the Bosco test revealed average relPP was greatest in
BF compared with MF and TS (men: BF, 19.70 6 3.01 W$kg
21
;
MF, 19.28 6 3.00 W$kg
21
; TS, 18.93 6 3.33 W$kg
21
;
women: BF, 14.68 6 1.41 W$kg
21
; MF, 13.97 6 1.56
W$kg
21
; TS 13.62 6 1.67 W$kg
21
), while for JH, BF and MF
were greater than TS (men: BF, 28.62 6 5.0 cm; MF, 27.78 6
5.09 cm; TS, 26.54 6 5.1 cm; women: BF, 18.60 6 1.97 cm;
MF, 17.86 6 6.35 cm; TS, 17.35 6 2.47 cm). No differences in
relative impact force were seen during the DD between condi-
tions. Therefore, athletes and coaches interested in enhancing
single and multiple VJs might consider either BF or minimalist
shoes.
KEY WORDS power, impact, force
INTRODUCTION
M
any believe that a return to a more primitive or
naturalistic condition is paramount for opti-
mal health. The previous research regarding
this topic has been focused on the type of
footwear worn; specifically, the effect footwear has on endur-
ance running (2,5–7,11,14,18). It has been speculated that the
arch support and cushion that a shoe provides may inhibit
any positive adaptations relating to shock absorption and
produce an unnatural foot motion. The result of this is an
improved performance with a lower risk of injury (11,15,18).
Numerous studies have assessed barefoot and minimalist
footwear (MF) conditions on running and walking performance
(2,5,6,11,14,16,18). It is still not definitive if there are significant
jumping performance differences between traditional tennis
shoes (TS), bare feet (BF), or MF (4,13,14,21). This question
has been assessed through ground reaction forces (11,12,14,20),
3-dimentional motion capture, joint positioning, kinetics, and
kinematics (2,7,19,20).
With much of the current research focusing on variables
related to running, there are very few studies that have
investigated plyometric or ballistic movements (1,5,8,21).
Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate the
effect of different footwear on jumping and landing parameters
in men and women.
METHODS
Experimental Approach to the Problem
This study was a repeated measures design with each
subject performing single vertical jumps (VJs), multiple VJs
(Bosco), and depth drops (DDs) in 3 different conditions
(BF, TS, and MF). The order of conditions was random-
ized and differences between conditions and sex were
determined.
Subjects
Ten men (age, 22.4 6 2.24 years; height, 175 6 6.67 cm; mass,
73.74 6 6.67 kg) and 10 women (age, 22.6 6 2.06 years; height,
164.5 6 5.27 cm; mass, 62.68 6 4.61 kg) volunteered to par-
ticipate. Participants were selected using convenience sampling.
Inclusion criteria were healthy, recreationally trained individuals
with a jumping background, with no current lower body
Address correspondence to Lee E. Brown, leebrown@fullerton.edu.
27(3)/733–737
Journal of Strength and Conditioning Research
Ó 2013 National Strength and Conditioning Association
VOLUME 27 | NUMBER 3 | MARCH 2013 | 733
Copyright © National Strength and Conditioning Association Unauthorized reproduction of this article is prohibited.