New Applications and Advances of the GPS Radio Occultation Technology as Recovered by Analysis of the FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC and CHAMP Data-Base A.G. Pavelyev, Y.A. Liou, J. Wickert, V.N. Gubenko, A.A. Pavelyev, and S.S. Matyugov Abstact Comparative analysis of phase and amplitude variations of GPS radio- holograms allows one to separate the influence of the layered and irregular struc- tures. A possibility exists to measure important parameters of internal waves: the intrinsic phase speed, the horizontal wind perturbations, and, under some assump- tions, the intrinsic frequency as function of height in the atmosphere. A new tech- nique was applied to measurements provided during CHAllenging Minisatellite Payload (CHAMP) and the Formosa Satellite-3/Constellation Observing System for Meteorology, Ionosphere, and Climate (FORMOSAT-3/COSMIC) radio occultation (RO) missions. As an example of this approach, we establish the atmospheric ori- gin of amplitude and phase variations in the RO signal at altitudes 10–26 km. We observed for the first time in the RO practice examples of internal wave breaking at altitudes between 38 km and 45 km. We obtained geographical distributions and seasonal dependence of atmospheric wave activity with global coverage within the years 2001–2003. 1 Introduction Atmospheric gravity waves (GW) have been a subject of intense research activi- ties in recent years because of their various effects and their major contributions to atmospheric circulation, structure, and variability (Fritts and Alexander 2003). Radiosonde and rocketsonde GW measurements, balloon soundings, radar observa- tions, and lidar studies have been limited to ground-based sites (Fritts et al. 1988; Wilson et al. 1991; Eckermann et al. 1995; Steiner and Kirchengast 2000; Tsuda et al. 2004; Wang et al. 2005) mainly over specific land parts of the Northern and Southern Hemispheres. A.G. Pavelyev (B ) Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IRE RAS), Moscow, Russia e-mail: pvlv@ms.ire.rssi.ru A. Steiner et al. (eds.), New Horizons in Occultation Research, DOI 10.1007/978-3-642-00321-9 14, C  Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2009 165