1 Copyright © 2012 by ASME
Proceedings of the Internoise 2012/ASME NCAD meeting
August 19-22, 2012, New York City, NY, USA
IN12-586
CHARACTERIZATION OF THE PRESSURE WAVE EMITTED FROM IMPLOSION OF
SUBMERGED CYLINDRICAL SHELL STRUCTURES
Michael D. Shields Ph.D.
Weidlinger Associates, Inc.
New York, NY, USA
shields@wai.com
Pawel Woelke Ph.D.
Weidlinger Associates, Inc.
New York, NY, USA
woelke@wai.com
Najib N. Abboud Ph.D.
Weidlinger Associates, Inc.
New York, NY, USA
abboud@wai.com
ABSTRACT
Buckling of submerged cylindrical shells is a sudden and
rapid implosion which emits a high pressure pulse that may be
damaging to nearby structures. The characteristics of this
pressure pulse are dictated by various parameters defining the
shell structure such as the length to diameter ratio, shell
thickness, material, and the existence and configuration of
internal stiffeners. This study examines, through the use of high
fidelity coupled fluid-structure finite element computations, the
impact of various structural parameters on the resulting
pressure wave emanating from the implosion. The results
demonstrate that certain structural configurations produce
pressure waves with higher peak pressure and impulse thereby
enhancing the potential for damage to nearby structures.
INTRODUCTION
The implosion phenomenon is the result of structural
instability (either elastic or inelastic) of an enclosed volume
with relatively low internal pressure subjected to large external
hydrostatic pressure. This instability, when it occurs, very rapid
and can result in a complete inward collapse of the structure.
Engineers must be concerned with implosion when designing
or analyzing any enclosed structure that is expected to
withstand large external pressure. This environment may arise
for example in deep sea applications such as off-shore oil
drilling, sea exploration, or deep sea naval exercises as well as
in certain hydraulic systems. Although design standards are in
place to aid designers in avoiding such a catastrophic failure
(e.g. [1], [2]), these codes do not necessarily cover some of the
extreme environments (such as underwater shock) that may be
encountered in the applications listed above.
The problem of implosion extends beyond the structural
collapse itself (and the potential payload loss that may result)
because an implosion event may also result in a violent shock-
type pressure wave emanating from the implosion in the
surrounding fluid. This pressure wave has the potential to
damage nearby structures. The objective of this work is to
begin characterizing this emitted pressure wave in terms of
specific structural characteristics using high fidelity fluid-
structure finite element calculations. The most common
implodable volumes are cylinders and spheres [3] although an
externally pressurized closed volume of any shape will be
vulnerable to implosion [4]. The study presented in this work
focuses specifically on the characteristics of the fluid response
resulting from implosion of two unstiffened cylindrical shell
structures with differing length, diameter, and shell thickness
and represents a small sample of a much larger effort to
characterize the fluid response for a generalized set of structural
parameters.
IMPLOSION BEHAVIOR FOR CYLINDERS
Structural Behavior
Implosion of an unstiffened cylindrical structure generally
results from one of two possible failure mechanisms: elastic
buckling or plastic buckling. The elastic buckling pressure, ݍ
,
for unstiffened cylinders has been studied exhaustively and can
be predicted with reasonable accuracy using the equation
presented by Timoshenko and Gere [5]: