Marine Chemistry, 24 (1988) 293-305 293
Elsevier Science Publishers B.V., Amsterdam -- Printed in The Netherlands
Trace Metal Transport in a Tropical Estuary
H. WINDOM, R. SMITH, Jr. and C. RAWLINSON
Skidaway Institute of Oceanography, P. O. Box 13687, Savannah, GA 31416 (U.S.A.)
M. HUNGSPREUGS, S. DHARMVANIJ and G. WATTAYAKORN
Department of Marine Science, Chulalongkorn University, Phya Thai Road, Bangkok 10500
(Thailand)
(Received August 10, 1987; revision accepted December 18, 1987)
ABSTRACT
Windom, H., Smith, R., Jr.,Rawlinson, C., Hungspreugs, M., Dharmvanij, S. and Wattayakorn,
G., 1988. Trace metal transportin a tropicalestuary.Mar. Chem., 24: 293-309.
The distributions of soluble and particulate trace metals in the Bang Pakong Estuary, Thailand
were studied during high (wet) and low (dry) discharge conditions. Particulate trace metals and
particulate organic C concentrations are controlled by physical processes. Dissolved Cu and Ni
are, in general, conservatively mixed through the estuary. The behavior of Fe and Pb result in net
removal during estuarine transport. Fe removal appears to be due to decreased solubility as pH
increases in estuarine waters. Mn is removed at low salinities, when riverine concentrations are
high, and remobilized at higher salinities. Dissolved Cd, Co and Zn concentration distributions
have mid-estuary maxima which coincide with nutrient maxima. The metal-nutrient relationship
is interpreted as the result of metal regeneration during organic matter decomposition.
INTRODUCTION
Much of the present understanding of the transport of trace metals through
river-estuarine systems is based on studies in temperate and boreal climatic
regions. Because many of the systems studied are contaminated by anthropo-
genic inputs, it is often difficult to describe natural estuarine processes and
how they are influenced by characteristics of the watershed or by the estuarine
environment itself. The transport of trace metals through 'tropical estuaries'
has been studied almost entirely in estuaries of major river systems (e.g. the
Amazon), the watershed of which may include several climatic zones or biomes
(Walter and Box, 1976) and weathering regimes (Stallard and Edmond, 1983)
making it difficult to assess the influence of drainage basin characteristics on
estuarine chemistry. The mixing zones of large rivers may also extend into
ocean basins where oceanic, not estuarine, processes dominate.
To better understand trace metal transport in tropical estuarine systems we
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