Volume III, Issue II, February 2016 IJRSI ISSN 2321 - 2705 www.rsisinternational.org Page 1 Water Quality Evaluation of Industrial Creeks Found Around Surat City with Respect to Physico-Chemical Properties, Gujarat Alpa Varsani * and Kapila Manoj Department of Aquatic Biology, Veer Narmad South Gujarat University, Surat-395007, India. Abstract- The present research work deals to assess water quality with reference to physico-chemical property of creeks located in Surat city, Gujarat. Water quality was checked for the parameters like pH, temperature, chloride, nitrite, nitrate, phosphate and silicate. Samples were collected from three sites during the month of October-2012 to March-2013. Pearson correlation was applied to express relation between various parameters. The study reveals that water may be contaminated due to the industrial effluent, sewage waste water and other organic pollutants. Keywords: physico-chemical property, industrial effluent, sewage, creeks, Surat. I. INTRODUCTION ater is one of the most important and abundant compounds of the ecosystem. It is also a crucial resource for agriculture, manufacturing and other human activities. It is a most essential basic component to all living being as most of the biochemical reactions that takes place through the metabolism and growth of living organisms involve water, which makes it vital resource required by living organisms. Now a days river is the most important and vulnerable freshwater system and plays a critical role in the sustenance of all life. In urban areas, the careless disposal of industrial effluents and other wastes in rivers and lacks may contribute greatly to the poor quality of river water [1]. Most of the rivers in the urban areas of the developing countries are the ends of effluents discharged from the industries. The decline in the quality of water in freshwater systems threatens its sustainability and has become a cause for concern. Aquatic ecosystems are affected by several health stressors that significantly deplete biodiversity. In the future, the loss of biodiversity and its effects are predicted to be greater for aquatic ecosystems than for terrestrial ecosystems [2]. Storm water runoff and discharge of sewage into rivers are two common ways that various nutrients enter the aquatic ecosystems resulting in the pollution of those systems [3],[4]. Many reasons like increased human population, industrialization, use of fertilizers in agriculture and manmade activity are responsible for water pollution. The water quality refers to the presence components of water in their optimum level such that it supports the growth of plants and animals. Temperature, pH, nutrients, dissolved oxygen etc. are some of the important factors that play a vital role for the growth of living organisms in the water body. Water quality indicates the relation of all hydrological properties including physical, chemical and biological properties of the water body. Hence water quality assessment involves analysis of physico- chemical, biological and microbiological parameters that reflects the biotic and abiotic status of ecosystem. Many major and minor industries are located in or around Surat city are produce large amount of effluent in treated or untreated form which drained into different creeks nearer to those industries. Beside these public sewer and storm water was also drained through creeks. The Mindhola river system with in Surat city comprises of 7 natural tributaries (creeks) namely Koyali, Mithi, Kankara, Khajod, Bhedwad, Sonari and Varachha. These creeks reach ultimately to the Mindhola river. In the present study an attempt is made to study status of water quality in the creeks of Surat city, Gujarat. The study will also provide baseline data for future work on the river. II. MATERIAL AND METHODS A. Area of Study Geographical location of Surat district is 21.0 0 to 21.23 0 N latitude and 72.38 0 to 74.23 0 E longitude. Surat is a city which drains its storm drainage through Mithi, Kankara, Khajod, Koyali, Bhedwad, Sonari and Varachcha (creek) into Mindhola river. The Creek receives domestic raw sewage as well as industrial waste water effluent from surrounding habitation and nearby industrial belt. There are many creeks flow through Surat city from which three sites were selected viz. site-1 Bhedwad Khadi (Bamroli), site -2 Mithi Khadi (Udhana) and site -3 Saniya Hamed (Saroli). B. Physico-chemical Analysis Study was conducted to check water quality during month of October-2012 to March-2013. Parameters selected to monitor during the study period were pH, Temperature, Chloride, Silicate, Phosphate, Nitrate and Nitrite. Water samples were collected from three sampling sites as described in standard method and transported to laboratory for analysis. Temperature and pH were recorded immediately at study site itself. Water samples were analyzed for various W