Real Time DSP Based PID and State Feedba
Control of a Brushed DC Motor
Ersin Yolacan, Serkan Aydin and H.Metin Ertunc
Mechatronics Engineering Department
Kocaeli University
Kocaeli, Turkey
hmertunc@kocaeli.edu.tr
Abstract—In this paper, real time position, trajectory and speed
controls are implemented for a serial excited brushed DC motor
using PID and state feedback control methods. The purpose of
this study is to keep the position and speed on desired references.
The control blocks are designed on Matlab-Simulink and applied
by F28335 DSP control board. The experimental results of PID
and state feedback methods are compared and discussed.
Keywords-real time; DSP; PID; state feedback;, brushed DC
motor
I. I NTRODUCTION
DC motorsare the torquetransducer that converts
electrical energy into mechanical energy. Therefore, they are
one of the most widely used prime movers in industry. The
torque required for the motion is developed on the motor shaft
and it is directly proportional to the field flux and the armature
current [1]. Recently, small size and high speed DC motors are
produced based on developing technologies. The DC motors
which have different power, size and speed values are widely
usedin industrial applications such as automotive, trains,
electric vehicle, robotic and automation. Furthermore, serial
excited DC motor is commonly employed in some electric
traction applications [2].
The brushed DC motors are one of the earliest designed
and produced motors. The simplicity of design and theoretical
substructure, besides conveniently speed and torque control
features are the advantages of this type of motors. On the other
hand, the controllability and reliability of DC motors reduces
at low speeds. Besides, their dimensions are larger than AC
motors which have the same power.
Proportional-Integral-Derivative (PID) control is
frequently used in industrial applications [3]. The most
important advantages of PID control method are its simple
structure and stability [4]. Despite these advantages, the basic
problems of this method are the insensitivity to the systems
having highly nonlinear components and easy effectiveness by
disturbance [5].
In modern control, H control, sliding mode control, fuzzy
logic, neural networks, state feedback control methods are
used to reduce the nonlinear effectsof the system and
parameter variation of the control algorithms [6 - 9].
In this study, real time DSP based PID and state feedb
control methods are performed for position, trajectory
speed variables. The obtained results are compared d
various input signals for evaluating the performances
control methods.
II. M ATHEMATICAL M ODEL OF DCM OTOR
In this study, a serial excited brushed DC motor is used
evaluate performances of two well-known control algorith
namely PID and state feedback control methods. The
parameters are given in Table I.
TABLE I. P ARAMETERS OF DC M OTOR U SED IN THE S TUDY
Symbol Description Value
J Inertia of the motor [kgm
2
] 4.9e-6
R Armature resistance [] 5.5
L Armature inductance[H] 8.5e-4
K Motor constant [Nm/A] 4.1e-2
B Viscose damping [Mms/rad] 3.056e-4
The equivalent circuit of a serial excited brushed DC
motor is shown Fig.1. The mathematical model of DC mot
can be easily computed by using Kirchhoff current law:
e
dt
di
L Ri V + + = (1)
where V is the supply voltage, R is the armature resistanc
is the armature inductance, i is the armature current and
the back electromotor force.
The mechanical equation of DC motor can be give
follows:
T
L
T B
dt
d
J = + + ω
ω
(2)
where J is the moment of inertia, B is the viscose d
Figure 1. Electric equivalent circuit of a brushed DC motor
978-1-4577-0746-9/11/$26.00 ©2011 IEEE