Hindawi Publishing Corporation ISRN Urology Volume 2013, Article ID 698351, 3 pages http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/698351 Clinical Study The Effect of Varicocelectomy on Sperm Parameters in Subfertile Men with Clinical Varicoceles Who Have Asthenozoospermia or Teratozoospermia with Normal Sperm Density Basri Cakiroglu, 1 Orhun Sinanoglu, 2 and Ramazan Gozukucuk 3 1 Department of Urology, Hisar Intercontinental Hospital, Saray Mahallesi, Siteyolu Caddesi No. 7, Umraniye, 34768 Istanbul, Turkey 2 Department of Urology, Maltepe University Medical School, Maltepe, 34844 Istanbul, Turkey 3 Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Hisar Intercontinental Hospital, Saray Mahallesi, Siteyolu Caddesi No. 7, Umraniye, 34768 Istanbul, Turkey Correspondence should be addressed to Basri Cakiroglu; drbasri@gmail.com Received 5 July 2013; Accepted 27 August 2013 Academic Editors: J. S. Elder and G. Haidl Copyright © 2013 Basri Cakiroglu et al. his is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Background. To compare preoperative and postoperative sperm parameters such as sperm count, motility, and morphology in patients with normal sperm concentration with teratozoospermia and asthenozoospermia. Materials and Methods. Hundred and six patients with varicocele associated with male infertility over a 5-year period were included into the study. Pre- and postvaricocelectomy seminal luid parameters evaluation according to the World Health Organization (WHO) criteria was performed at 4–6-month intervals. Results. One hundred and six patients met the criteria. he mean age of patients was 24.53 ± 8.13. he mean duration of infertility was 3.6 years (range: 1.5–6.3). Only the sperm motility of patients with normospermia showed a signiicant improvement postoperatively. Conclusions. No signiicant improvement in sperm morphology may be obtained in patients with clinical varicocele and preoperative normospermia. 1. Introduction he incidence of infertility is 10–15% among couples trying to conceive, with male infertility contributing to nearly 50% of cases [1]. Although multiple factors may play a role in male infertility, varicocele is the most frequent inding in male infertility, with a prevalence of 19–41% of men with primary infertility and 45–81% of men with secondary infertility [1, 2]. Increased scrotal temperature, relux of metabolites from the kidney and adrenal gland, decreased volume of blood low, and anoxia are the supposed mechanisms [3]. Varicocele is also known as the most surgically correctable cause of male infertility, and its repair is the most commonly performed surgical procedure in order to correct male infertility [4]. Previous studies have shown abnormalities in the sperm count, motility, and morphology in varicocele patients and a signiicant improvement in these parameters following surgi- cal correction [5]. he postoperative outcomes of varicocelec- tomy operation in patients with normal sperm count but with sperms having abnormal morphology and impaired motility have not been studied much. herefore, in this retrospective study, we compared preoperative and postoperative sperm parameters such as sperm count, motility, and morphology in patients with normal sperm concentration showing abnormal forms and decreased motility pattern. 2. Materials and Methods he study included 106 patients seeking surgical treatment for varicocele in our institution from December 2008 to Decem- ber 2011. here were no documented diseases that would afect the results. A basic infertility evaluation including a detailed history and a thorough physical examination was carried out. All of the patients were married with primary