EGOOZ: Specifying the Components of Electronic
Patient Record-related Education
A. Hasman
1
, P. Moorman
2
, P. F. de Vries-Robbé
3
, R. Bindels
4
, P. Zandstra
3
, W. van Ast
4
,
J. van der Lei
2
1
Department of Medical Informatics, Academic Medical Centre – University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam,
The Netherlands
2
Department of Medical Informatics, Erasmus Medisch Centrum, Erasmus University Rotterdam,
Rotterdam, The Netherlands
3
Department of Medical Informatics, UMC St Radboud, Katholieke Universiteit Nijmegen, Nijmegen,
The Netherlands
4
Department of Medical Informatics, University of Maastricht, Maastricht, The Netherlands
Summary
Objective: To determine whether educators consider
electronic patient record (EPR)-related education
necessary and if so, what subjects have to be taught
more extensively in the future.
Methods: A list of possibly relevant subjects was
determined from the literature. A questionnaire was
designed which contained those subjects and the re-
spondents were asked to indicate, for each subject,
its competency level and required competency level
in current teaching. Since the response rate was
low a second questionnaire was developed to have
the results of the analysis of the first questionnaire
validated by a larger group of educators.
Results: In total 45 learning goals were identified from
the literature. The questionnaire was sent to represen-
tatives of several disciplines: basic medical education,
medical specializations, pharmacy, dentistry and nurs-
ing. The analysis of the first questionnaire resulted in
nine subjects that needed more attention in the future.
Because of the low response the needs could not be
specified for the individual disciplines. This insight was
obtained from a second questionnaire. The response
to this questionnaire was high. From the analysis of
the second questionnaire differences between views of
educators involved in the training of GPs and educators
involved in the training of other specializations were
observed.
Conclusion: Educators find EPR-related education im-
portant. There are different opinions about the phase
in which EPR-related education should be given.
Keywords
Electronic patient records, education, medical
informatics, curriculum
Methods Inf Med 2006; 45: 305–9
Introduction
Health professionals increasingly need
medical informatics education. The work of
health professionals is dominated by in-
formation collection, storage and retrieval
and reasoning. Health professionals use both
patient data and medical and nursing knowl-
edge for patient management. However, the
amount of medical and nursing knowledge
increases so quickly that health profes-
sionals cannot stay fully informed. They
therefore need methods and tools to access
relevant information or knowledge at the
time it is needed. Medical informatics has
developed tools and methods that can make
the life of health professionals easier. This
includes tools to acquire relevant knowledge
but also tools to obtain patient data.
With electronic patient records (EPRs),
clinical patient data can be stored and re-
trieved. When the data are expressed with
the help of a standard vocabulary functions
like reminding, alerting and providing ac-
cess to relevant knowledge are easily inter-
faced with the EPR. Health professionals
should have insight in and knowledge of
the principles, concepts and methods under-
lying electronic patient records. Part of the
education in medical informatics should
therefore be devoted to conveying that
knowledge.
In the Netherlands, national research
agencies and the government stimulate the
introduction of EPRs in health care. These
organizations also realized that the intro-
duction of EPRs in healthcare environments
needs to be accompanied by educational and
training programs. The medical informatics
departments of the universities of Maas-
tricht, Rotterdam and Nijmegen were asked
to determine which subjects related to
EPR-related education are still under-
exposed in university and vocational train-
ing programs. They were asked to investi-
gate a broad spectrum of disciplines cover-
ing medicine (both basic medical education
and the training for medical specialists),
nursing, pharmacy and dentistry. In this
contribution the results of this study with re-
spect to basic medical education and the
training for specialists are reported.
Methods
Determination of Potential
Learning Goals
To determine which EPR-related topics are
underexposed in the various programs, a
reference list is needed that contains all
EPR-related topics. Such a reference list
was composed via an analysis of the liter-
ature. The relevance of each topic in the list
had to be determined. The obtained topics
were therefore reformulated as learning
goals and grouped under a number of sub-
ject headings. The determination of the rel-
evance was considered to be a task for the
educators.
305
© 2006 Schattauer GmbH
Methods Inf Med 3/2006