Open Access Research Article
Anesthesia & Clinical
Research
Mohamed et al., J Anesthe Clinic Res 2013, 4:3
http://dx.doi.org/10.4172/2155-6148.1000296
Volume 4 • Issue 3 • 1000296
J Anesth Clin Res
ISSN:2155-6148 JACR an open access journal
Introduction
Despite major advances in peri-operative management techniques,
Myocardial Infarction (MI) remain the most common cause of
postoperative morbidity and mortality in patient undergoing non-
cardiac surgery [1]. Patients experiencing MI in the peri-operative
period have a hospital mortality of 15%-25% [2-5]. he high mortality
rate could be due to diiculty in detecting peri-operative MI because
typical Electrocardiographic (ECG) changes and classical clinical
symptoms are oten absent [6]. As a growing number of elderly patients
at risk of cardiac diseases are undergoing surgery, management of
such complication will remain a signiicant clinical and economical
challenge in the future.
he diagnosis of MI traditionally relies on rise and fall of cardiac
enzymes such as Creatinine Kinase (CK), creatine kinase muscle and
brain isoenzyme (CK-MB), Troponin I and T. With evidence of ischemia
[clinical symptoms such as chest pain, supportive electrocardiographic
changes] [3]. Troponin is more sensitive and speciic, and correlate
more closely with the amount of cardiac damage that occurs than CK-
MB and is the favoured cardiac enzyme for testing. Troponin T has
been found to have a higher positive and negative predictive values,
sensitivity and speciicity than either troponin I or CK-MB [7]. A rise
in troponin T is not normally associated with musculoskeletal trauma
[7,8]. Troponin levels begin to rise 4-6 h ater the onset of symptoms,
similar to CK-MB. Peak values occur 18-24 h ater the onset of
symptoms. Serum troponin persists for 7-14 days due to its slow release
and degradation which allows for increased detection time window of
cardiac events [9].
However, cardiac ischemia can be diicult to recognize in the post-
operative period because of their silent nature and electrocardiograph
changes may be hard to detect, oten being non-q wave in origin.
However, given there is no current consensus about what deines an
infraction in the post-operative setting, perhaps all that can be deduced
is that an elevation in troponin, for example, might indicate myocardial
injury and provide prognostic information [3].
C-reactive protein (CRP) is a protein found in the blood, the levels
of which rise in response to inlammation (an acute phase reactant
protein). Its physiological role is to bind to phosphocholine expressed
on the surface of dead or dying cells (and some type of bacteria) in
order to activate the complement system via C1Q complex to facilitate
their destruction by the phagocytes [10].
*Corresponding author: Sahar A. Mohamed, Anesthesiology Department,
Intensive care, and pain management, South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut
University, Assiut, Egypt, Tel: 002- 010-03611410; E-mail: drsaher2008@yahoo.com
Received February 06, 2013; Accepted March 14, 2013; Published March 18,
2013
Citation: Mohamed SA, Fares KM, Hasan-Ali H, Bakry R (2013) The Effect
of Anesthetic Technique on Cardiac Troponin-T and Systemic Inlammatory
Response after Major Abdominal Cancer Surgery. J Anesthe Clinic Res 4: 296.
doi:10.4172/2155-6148.1000296
Copyright: © 2013 Mohamed SA, et al. This is an open-access article distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits
unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the
original author and source are credited.
The Effect of Anesthetic Technique on Cardiac Troponin-T and Systemic
Inflammatory Response after Major Abdominal Cancer Surgery
Sahar A Mohamed
1
*, Khaled M Fares
1
, Hosam Hasan-Ali
2
and Rania Bakry
3
1
Anesthesiology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University, Egypt
2
Cardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Egypt
3
Clinical pathology Department, South Egypt Cancer Institute Assiut University, Egypt
Abstract
Objectives: this study aims at assessment of acute inlammatory response; measured by high sensitivity
C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), and myocardial injury; measured by serum cardiac troponin-T (Tn-T) in patients
undergoing elective major abdominal cancer surgery with general anaesthesia or combined general and lumbar
epidural anesthesia.
Methods: The study included 60 ischemic patients undergoing elective major abdominal cancer surgery with risk
factor(s) like(history of myocardial infraction, diabetes, hypertension, obesity or heavy smoking)randomly assigned
into 2 groups; 30 patients each to receive general anesthesia (G1) or combined general and epidural anesthesia
(G2). Pain severity, time to irst request of rescue analgesic, analgesic consumption, hemodynamics and side effects
were recorded in irst 72 hrs postoperative. Serum Tn-T and hs-CRP, ECG were assessed peroperatively and 1,2,3
days postoperativly also 12-lead ECGs were recorded before and 1,2,3 days after surgery.
Results: The mean VAS scores were signiicantly reduced in G2 allover time in comparison to G1 (p<0.05)
except at 32hrs postoperatively. Mean time to irst request for rescue analgesic was signiicantly prolonged in G2
compared to G1 (p=0.001). Mean morphine consumption was signiicantly reduced in G2 (p<0.001). Mean serum
level of CPR increased in both groups. Mean level of serum troponin-T was signiicantly increased only in G1
compared to baseline value (p<0.05) with no signiicant difference between G1 and G2. There were 5 patients
(16.6%) in G1 and 2 patients (6.6%) in G2 showed serum troponin-T level > 0.03ng/ml. Regarding ECGs changes
there were 2 patients (6.6%) in G1 and one patient (3.3%) in G2 showed new ischemic changes postoperatively in
the form of depressed ST segment >1mm.
Conclusion: The use of LEA with general anesthesia in high risk patients with ischemic heart disease undergoing
major non-cardiac surgery is associated with less perioperative acute inlammatory response, less post-operative
pain and can reduce the perioperative myocardial damage.