COMMUNICATION DESIGN, 2015
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/20557132.2015.1057376
The graphic design project: employing structured and critical
relection to guide student learning
Grant Ellmers
Faculty of Law, Humanities, and the Arts, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia
1. Introduction
The application of project-based learning in graphic design education is widespread.
1
In
this learning environment students are typically introduced to the principles of graphic
design through a series of projects, with the aim that their level of expertise increases as they
progress through a programme of study. This approach has similarities with other design
ABSTRACT
This study investigated a structured and critical approach to relective
practice, and how this can support graphic design students in a
project-based learning environment to learn from their projects.
Graphic design education has traditionally adopted a project-based
learning approach where students are introduced to the principles of
design through a series of projects. While there are many advantages
to project-based learning, research suggests that in this environment,
learning can become overly bound to the project with the risk that
students have diiculty identifying and articulating what they have
learned. Relection ofers a means to support students to connect
their learning through a more deliberate engagement with the
design process and the learning opportunities this presents. A
learning intervention in the form of a structured and critical approach
to relective practice was designed, framed by theories of relective
practice and cognitive psychology. The aim was to prompt students
to relect on their project in ways that supported them to identify
their learning and challenge their approach(es) to the project. A case
study strategy of inquiry was employed, drawing on a mixed-method
research approach. The indings from this study demonstrate that
when supported by a structured and critical approach to relective
practice, students relected in a critical manner and consistent with
the principles of relection-on-action. Whilst in this study not all
students critically relected, nor did students critically relect all the
time, it is concluded that relective practice applied in a structured
and critical manner can play an efective role to guide graphic design
students to learn from their project. This article presents a detailed
description of the research method and the structured critical
relective practice (SCRP) developed for the study. A summary of
the overall indings are presented.
© 2015 Taylor & Francis
KEYWORDS
Structured relection; critical
relection; project-based
learning; graphic design
education
ARTICLE HISTORY
Received 20 February 2015
Accepted 29 May 2015
CONTACT Grant Ellmers grante@uow.edu.au