FULL PAPER
DOI: 10.1002/ejic.200600397
Cationic Brønsted Acids for the Preparation of Sn
IV
Salts: Synthesis and
Characterisation of [Ph
3
Sn(OEt
2
)][H
2
N{B(C
6
F
5
)
3
}
2
],
[Sn(NMe
2
)
3
(HNMe
2
)
2
][B(C
6
F
5
)
4
] and [Me
3
Sn(HNMe
2
)
2
][B(C
6
F
5
)
4
]
Yann Sarazin,
[a]
Simon J. Coles,
[b]
David L. Hughes,
[a]
Michael B. Hursthouse,
[b]
and
Manfred Bochmann*
[a]
Keywords: Tin / Cations / N ligands / Anions
Ph
3
SnN(SiMe
3
)
2
(1) was prepared in good yields by reaction
of [{NaN(SiMe
3
)
2
}
2
·THF] (2) with Ph
3
SnF. Treatment of 1 with
[H(OEt
2
)
2
][H
2
N{B(C
6
F
5
)
3
}
2
](4) in dichloromethane afforded
the stannylium cation [Ph
3
Sn(OEt
2
)][H
2
N{B(C
6
F
5
)
3
}
2
] (5),
which was characterised by
1
H,
13
C{
1
H},
11
B,
19
F and
119
Sn
NMR spectroscopy. The reaction of Sn(NMe
2
)
4
with
[Ph
2
MeNH][B(C
6
F
5
)
4
](3) gave the amidotin(IV) compound
[Sn(NMe
2
)
3
(HNMe
2
)
2
][B(C
6
F
5
)
4
] (6) which proved very
stable towards ligand substitution and resisted treatment
with Et
2
O, THF, TMEDA and pyrazine. Two new Brønsted
acid salts [H(NMe
2
H)
2
][B(C
6
F
5
)
4
](7) and [(C
4
H
4
N
2
)H·OEt
2
]-
Introduction
Organotin(IV) compounds have long attracted interest
due to their reactivity, their industrial applications and their
intriguing biological activity.
[1,2]
In particular, organo-
tin(IV) cations are thought to play an essential part in the
cytotoxicity of organotin compounds
[3]
or in their catalytic
activity for esterification reactions,
[4]
and the search for
stable examples of Sn
IV
cations was initiated over half a
century ago.
[5–19]
However, to this date only few cationic
complexes of tin have been isolated. Even though in the
past decade or so fundamental breakthroughs have been
achieved where tin cations free of donor atoms have been
Scheme 1. Involvement of Me
3
Sn
+
in the formation of a tin-stabilised carbocation.
[a] Wolfson Materials and Catalysis Centre, School of Chemical
Sciences and Pharmacy, University of East Anglia, University
Plain,
Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
Fax: +44-01603-592044
E-mail: m.bochmann@uea.ac.uk
[b] School of Chemistry, University of Southampton,
Highfield, Southampton SO17 1BJ, UK
Eur. J. Inorg. Chem. 2006, 3211–3220 © 2006 Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim 3211
[H
2
N{B(C
6
F
5
)
3
}
2
](8) were synthesised. The reaction of 7 with
Sn(NMe
2
)
4
in Et
2
O allowed the preparation of 6 in a much
improved yield (83 %). The treatment of 7 with Me
3
-
SnN(SiMe
3
)
2
in Et
2
O yielded [Me
3
Sn(HNMe
2
)
2
][B(C
6
F
5
)
4
](9)
nearly quantitatively. Compounds 1, 2, 6, 8 and 9 were char-
acterised by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analyses; 6 is the
first example of a structurally characterised amidotin(IV)
cation.
(© Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 69451 Weinheim,
Germany, 2006)
characterised in the solid state,
[20–25]
stannylium cations sta-
bilised by donor heteroatoms appear to be more readily ac-
cessible.
[2]
For instance, cationic tin species stabilised by a
Y,C,Y-chelating pincer-type ligand (where Y is an hetero-
atom such as oxygen or nitrogen) have been prepared very
successfully in the past 15 years.
[26–32]
The utilisation of
N,C,N-coordinating ligands has even enabled the prepara-
tion of air-stable organotin cations.
[33,34]
Our interest in the
chemistry of cationic tin species is based on our recent iso-
lation of a thermally remarkably stable sec-alkyl carbo-
cation that was generated by the attack of a Me
3
Sn
+
inter-
mediate on a suitably substituted propene (Scheme 1).
[35,36]
This prompted us to investigate the chemistry of cationic
tin species in more detail. We report here the reactions of a
number of tin amideswith cation-generating agents. To the
best of our knowledge, simple Sn
IV
-amide precursors have
never been employed efficiently for this purpose.
A convenient way of generating cationic metal species
is the reaction of protolysis-sensitive metal complexes with