saqarTvelos mecnierebaTa erovnuli akademiis moambe, t. 7, #3, 2013
BULLETIN OF THE GEORGIAN NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES, vol. 7, no. 3, 2013
© 2013 Bull. Georg. Natl. Acad. Sci.
Linguistics
Attar’s Seven Valleys of Love and Seven Waves of
Human Society: A Hermeneutical Perspective
Sepehr Ghazinoory
*
, Masoud Afshari-Mofrad
*
,
Gholam Ali Montazer
**
, Mona Rashidirad
§
*
Department of IT Management, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
**
Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
§
Brighton Business School, University of Brighton, Brighton, East Sussex, UK
(Presented by Academy Member Thomas V. Gamkrelidze)
ABSTRACT. Attar Neyshaburi is one of the major Persian poets and mystics who lived about 800
years ago. The main characteristic of his works is the simplicity and impressiveness of the language
that he used. He tried to express his eminent mystical concepts by utilization of simple symbolic stories,
meant to be comprehensible for everyone. He has left behind many poetic works, such as Massnavis,
Asrarnameh and Elahiname. But many scholars believe that his masterwork is ‘The Conference of the
Birds’ in which Attar narrates a journey of thousands of birds towards invincible Simurgh; a journey in
which the birds experience seven valleys of love and most of them cannot survive. According to his point
of view, the symbolic language of this work makes it possible for every single reader to comprehend one
aspect of Attar’s thoughts. In this study, we have used the seven valleys of love as a metaphor to seven
waves of human society in order to present a new perspective of the future. A Hermeneutical method has
been used to extract the meaning of Attar’s texts. The findings show that the aforementioned metaphor
could provide a fruitful source of vision for better understanding of the evolution of human society. The
findings also imply that we can use the experiences and notions concealed in our rich literature to learn
and build a better life for everyone. © 2013 Bull. Georg. Natl. Acad. Sci.
Keywords: Attar Neyshaburi, human society, hermeneutics.
Born in Neyshabur (a historical city in Iran),
Fariduddin Mohammad ibne Attar Neyshaburi, the
famous Persian poet and mystic lived around the 13
th
century A.D. He had an immense influence on Per-
sian poetry and Sufism [1]. In spite of his genius,
there is little information about his life compared to
other renowned poets such as Rumi and Hafez. He
was a grocer and according to historical evidences,
he was not well-known as a poet in his lifetime.
During the invasion of the Mongolians to Persia,
Attar was killed by a Mongolian soldier. His mauso-
leum is located in Neyshabur.
Attar possessed a great wealth of literature and
genius in poetry, especially in mystical science. To
demonstrate Attar’s value as a great teacher of mys-
tical science, it is sufficient to quote the following