Running head: REINFORCEMENT BEHAVIOR AND LMX 1 Running head: REINFORCEMENT BEHAVIOR AND LMX Leader Reinforcement Behavior and Leader-Member Exchange: The Moderating Effect of Cultural Orientation Mahfooz A. Ansari University of Lethbridge Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada Tel: 403-329-2069; Fax: 403-329-2038; E-Mail: mahfooz.ansari@uleth.ca Rehana Aafaqi University of Lethbridge Lethbridge, Alberta, T1K 3M4, Canada Tel: 403-380-1874; Fax: 403-329-2038; E-Mail: rehana.aafaqi@uleth.ca The research reported herein was supported, in part, by a grant awarded to the lead author from the Faculty of Management at the University of Lethbridge, Canada. An earlier version of the paper was presented at the annual meeting of the International Academy of Business, Istanbul, July 3-6, 2013. Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Mahfooz A. Ansari, Faculty of Management, The University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive W, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada; E-mail: mahfooz.ansari@uleth.ca; Web: http://mahfoozaansari.blogspot.com/