New Zealand Journal of Botany, 1999, Vol. 37: 629-642 0028-825X/99/3704-0629 $7.00 © The Royal Society of New Zealand 1999 629 Checklist of dicotyledons, gymnosperms, and pteridophytes naturalised or casual in New Zealand: additional records 1997-1998 P. B. HEENAN Landcare Research P.O. Box 69 Lincoln, New Zealand P. J. de LANGE Department of Conservation Private Bag 68908 Newton Auckland, New Zealand D. S. GLENNY I. BREITWIESER Landcare Research P.O. Box 69 Lincoln, New Zealand P. J. BROWNSEY Museum of New Zealand Te Papa Tongarewa P.O. Box 467 Wellington, New Zealand C. C. OGLE Department of Conservation Private Bag 3016 Wanganui, New Zealand Abstract Nine species are reported as additional or newly substantiated fully naturalised records for the flora of New Zealand during the 2-year period 1997-1998. Notable additions are the invasive Eupa- torium cannabinum and Acacia sophorae, which are well established in the Wanganui area, and Myricaria germanica which is relatively common along parts of the Waimakariri River, Canterbury. Thirty-seven species, including two ferns, are con- sidered to be new records of casual naturalised plants. Thirty-eight additional species that were pre- viously known from few collections are given ex- tended distributions. Keywords naturalised flora; weeds; dicotyledons; pteridophytes; first records; distributions; New Zea- land B99024 Received 2 June 1999; accepted 26 August 1999 INTRODUCTION "Flora of New Zealand, Volume IV" (Webb et al. 1988) and two checklists covering the period 1988— 1996 (Webb et al. 1995; Heenan et al. 1998) provide a comprehensive account of naturalised pterido- phytes, gymnosperms, and dicotyledons. This checklist covers the period 1997-1998 by providing details of newly recorded or newly substantiated naturalised or casual species. All parts of this paper follow the order in Volume IV for major groups: pteridophytes, then gymnosperms, then dicotyle- dons, and alphabetically by family within each of these. First records are all published. The region of origin refers to the natural range and not to the area from where the species came to New Zealand. Criteria for inclusion in the fully naturalised list presented here are those outlined in Webb et al. (1988,1995) and Heenan etal. (1998), i.e., they form a population self-maintained by seed or vegetative reproduction, or they occur repeatedly in the wild or in urban environments. Criteria for inclusion in the casual category follow the defmition of Heenan et al. (1998). This category includes species that are: (1) passively regenerating only in the immediate vicinity of the cultivated parent plant, or more widespread but only known as isolated individuals; (2) garden escapes persisting only 2-3 years; (3) garden discards persisting vegetatively but not spreading sexually or asexually. In this category we provide only the plant name, collector, date and place of collection, and herbarium voucher. Where we have insufficient information, we have taken a conservative approach and designated such species as casual records. Downloaded by [122.62.186.24] at 14:52 19 February 2013