AGRICULTURAL RESEARCH COMMUNICATION CENTRE www.arccjournals.com/www.ijarjournal.com *Corresponding author’s e-mail: ningomanand@gmail.com. Indian J. Agric. Res., 50 (1) 2016: 88-91 Print ISSN:0367-8245 / Online ISSN:0976-058X Growth and instability of pineapple production in Manipur, India Ningombam Anandkumar Singh*, Ram Singh, S.M. Feroze, Rajkumar Josmee Singh and P. Mercy Nesa Rani School of Social Sciences, CPGS, CAU, Barapani, Meghalaya-793103, India. Received: 07-01-2015 Accepted: 14-07-2015 DOI:10.18805/ijare.v0iOF.8431 ABSTRACT The present study was undertaken to study the trends of area, production and productivity of pineapple in Manipur. The study was based on the secondary data from 2001 to 2011. To analyze the trend of area, production and productivity of pineapple in Manipur, semi log linear functional form was used. Beside these, compound growth rate and instability index was also estimated. The effect of area, production and their interaction towards increasing production were also estimated in the present study. The instability indices for area, production and productivity of pineapple crop in Manipur were positive there by indicating less risk for growing pineapple in the State. Key words: Area, Manipur Production, Pineapple crop, Productivity. INTRODUCTION The fruits are very important part of human diet. It is generally stated that standard of living of people of a country can be judged by its per capita production and consumption of fruits (Bairawa et.al. 2012). At present India is the second largest producer of fruit in the world (GoI, 2014). India is the largest producer of mango and banana and ranks among the top ten countries in the world in the production of apple, papaya, citrus, grape, guava and pineapple. The total area under pineapple cultivation in the world is 909.84 thousand ha with production of 19412.91 thousand tons. The major pineapple growing countries in the world are Brazil, Thailand, Philippines, Costa Rica, China and India. India produced 7 per cent of the world’s total pineapple production and ranked six in terms of production of pineapple in the world during 2011-12 (Anonymous 2012). Despite of such high level of pineapple production, huge share of the production gets spoilt due to inadequate or improper post harvest handling, lack of processing and storage facilities and absence of linkage between the processor and the market of fruits. Commercial cultivation of pineapple in India started only 3 or 4 decades ago, especially in the west coast. In North Eastern India, pineapple is grown in Assam (Nagaon, Kamrup, Karbi Anglong), Meghalaya (Ri-Bhoi, East Khasi, Garo Hills), Tripura (Kumarghat, Manu, Melaghar, Matabari and Kakraban Block), Mizoram, Manipur (Thoubal, Churchanpur, Imphal-East), Nagaland (Kohima, Zunheboto). India’s export recorded at 2787 MT (GoI, 2013). Among all the States, Manipur is one of the emerging State in pineapples production. Manipur shares 7.77 per cent in the total pineapple production of the country. Pineapple is cultivated almost in all the districts, but Thoubal district, Bishnupur district covers maximum area in the State. There has been substantial increase in area, production and productivity of pineapple crop over the last 11 years as it is evident from the fact that in the year 2001-02, it stood at 10.08 thousand ha with 69.43 thousand MT and 6.89 MT per ha which increased in 2011-12 is 12.60 thousand ha with 116.58 thousand MT and 9.26 MT per ha (GoM, 2012) The objective of the present study is to analyze the growth and instability in area, production and productivity of pineapple especially, for the last eleven years for Manipur. In order to achieve the objectives, the following methods and materials were adopted. MATERIALS AND METHODS The time series data on area, production and productivity of pineapple crop have been taken into consideration for the period extending 2001-02 to 2011-12 for its statistical analysis and also to study the trends and instability. The information was collected from the annual reports published by directorate of horticulture and soil conservation of Manipur. Regression analysis techniques was applied to estimated compound growth rate, coefficient of determination (R 2 ), regression coefficient and standard error to estimate the changes in the pattern in area, production and productivity of pineapple crop during the period of 2001-02 to 2011-12 in Manipur State. The semi log linear model used was as follows: Log Y= a + bt Where, Y= dependent variable ( e.g. area, production and productivity) t = time a = intercept and b = slope coefficient