ISSN (print) 0093-4666 © 2013. Mycotaxon, Ltd. ISSN (online) 2154-8889 MYCOTAXON http://dx.doi.org/10.5248/123.141 Volume 123, pp. 141–145 January–March 2013 Neolinocarpon attaleae sp. nov. on Attalea funifera (Arecaceae) from Brazil Nadja Santos Vitoria *1,2 , Maria A.Q. Cavalcanti 1 , Cristiane Duarte dos Santos 3 , Jadergudson Pereira 3 & Jose Luiz Bezerra 3,4 1 Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. Prof. Nelson Chaves, s/n°, 50670-901, Recife, PE, Brazil 2 Departamento de Educação, Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Rua do Gangorra, nº 503, 48.608-240, Bairro Alves de Souza, Paulo Afonso, BA, Brazil 3 Departamento de Ciências Agrárias e Ambientais, Universidade Estadual de Santa Cruz, Rodovia Ilhéus-Itabuna, Km 16, 45662-900, Ilhéus, BA, Brazil 4 Centro de Ciências, Agrárias e Biológicas, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Rua Rui Barbosa, 710, 44.380-00, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil * Correspondence to: nadjasv@hotmail.com Abstract — Neolinocarpon attaleae is described from the palm Attalea funifera collected in Brazil. his species is illustrated and compared with similar species. A key to all species of Neolinocarpon is provided. Key words — Ascomycota, biodiversity, palm fungi, taxonomy, Brazilian mycota Introduction Hyde (1992) introduced the genus Neolinocarpon K.D. Hyde to accommodate N. globosicarpum K.D. Hyde, a Linocarpon-like specimen, with deeply immersed ascomata formed beneath a slightly raised or flattened clypeus. Since then, seven new species and a new combination have been added to Neolinocarpon: N. australiense K.D. Hyde et al., N. calami K.D. Hyde et al., N. enshiense K.D. Hyde et al., N. eutypoides (Penz. & Sacc.) K.D. Hyde et al., N. inconspicuum K.D. Hyde et al., N. nonappendiculatum K.D. Hyde et al., N. nypicola K.D. Hyde & Alias, and N. penniseti Bhilabutra & K.D. Hyde (Hyde et al. 1998, Hyde & Alias 1999, Bhilabutra et al. 2006). All species of Neolinocarpon have so far been collected on palms, except N. penniseti, a species from grass. During palm microfungi surveys of Pernambuco and Bahia States along the Brazilian Northeastern coast 81 ascomycetes were identified