JOUR.GEOL.SOC.INDIA, VOL.72, OCT. 2008
458 BHAWANISINGH G. DESAI AND OTHERS
Analysis of Ichnoguilds and their Significance in Interpreting
Ichnological Events: A Study from Jhuran Formation
(Upper Jurassic), Western Kachchh
BHAWANISINGH G. DESAI
1
, SATISH J. PATEL
2
, RAJITA SHUKLA
2
and DIVYESH SURVE
2
1
Institute of Petroleum Technology Gandhinagar; Raisan Village, Gandhinagar - 9
2
Department of Geology, M.S.University of Baroda, Vadodara - 390 002
Email: bhawanigd@rediffmail.com; sjpatel_geol@rediffmail.com
Abstract: The ichnological study of the Jhuran Formation (Kimmerdgian-Tithonian) exposed at Jara Dome of Western
Kachchh has revealed the presence of twenty-two ichnospecies. These ichnofossils are typically well expressed at bed
transitions, especially at intercalated shale–siltstone–sandstone sequences. The Jhuran Formation is divided into seven
lithounits represented by six ichnoguilds exhibiting four distinguishable ichnological events. These events can provide
important information on palaeoenvironment, depositional cyclicity and behaviour of the trace making communities.
This is illustrated by the quantitative analysis of ichnoguilds in the intercalated sequence. The recurring patterns of the
ichnoguilds reveal activity levels within the substrate, feeding style and also reflect colonization events at different beds.
The dominance of structures produced by specialized organisms is consistent with an open marine unconsolidated
substrate setting. The typical features of each ichnoguild allow characterization and comparison of local
palaeoenvironmental conditions (depth, hydrodynamic condition, etc) which mark different ichnological events in the
upper Jurassic sequence of the Western Mainland Kachchh basin.
Keywords: Trace fossils, Ichnoguilds, Ichnological events, Jara Dome, Jhuran Formation, Western Kachchh.
Fürsich and Pandey, 2003) and biostratigraphy (Krishna
et al. 2000; Prasad, 1998). However, studies concerning
ichnology of Western Kachchh are sparse (Badve and
Ghare, 1978).The purpose of this paper is to illustrate
ichnoguilds from intercalated shale-siltstone-sandstone
sequences of the shallow marine environment and to
demonstrate that they can reflect high benthic food
contents probably related to organic matter input and also
variation in other environmental factors such as oxygenation
and sedimentation rate. Previous workers have dealt on
more general aspect of ichnology of different parts of the
Kachchh Basin (Badve and Ghare, 1978; Fürsich, 1998;
Ghare and Kulkarni, 1986; Kulkarni and Ghare, 1991 Patel
et al. 2008). We however, try to offer an integrated approach
to the ichnoguilds of the shallow marine environmental
setting and their significance in depicting the ichnological
events of the Rudramata Shale Member and Upper Member
of the Jhuran Formation (Kimmerdgian-Tithonian).
LOCATION AND GEOLOGICAL SETTING
Jara dome (Fig.1) situated in the western part of the
INTRODUCTION
Ichnology has become an important tool for
environmental analysis (Savrda, 1995). The most significant
advantage of trace fossils is that they are autochthonous
indicators of ecological conditions. As a result, the bio-
turbated zone is subdivided into a vertical sequence of
habitats occupied by different organisms. The resultant
traces are defined as tiers. Tiering structures can be
demarcated on the basis of similar sort of behaviour and
occupation of a similar niche or location within the sub-
strate. The tiering communities reveal a number of recurring
patterns involving such parameters as trace fossil types,
activity levels within the substrate and feeding style. Trace
fossils are further grouped in this way into guild group of
species that exploit the same class of environmental
resources in a similar way. The purpose of guild analysis is
to examine the habitat structure in the alternating shale-
siltstone-sandstone sequences resulting from episodic
deposition and longer-term palaeoceanographic cycles.
The Upper Jurassic rocks of Western Kachchh have been
extensively studied for their stratigraphy (Rajnath, 1932;
Biswas, 1978), depositional environment (Bose et al. 1986;
JOURNAL GEOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF INDIA
Vol.72, October 2008, pp.458-466
0016-7622/2008-72-4-458/$ 1.00 © GEOL. SOC. INDIA