A review on optimized control systems for building energy and comfort management of smart sustainable buildings Pervez Hameed Shaikh n , Nursyarizal Bin Mohd Nor, Perumal Nallagownden, Irraivan Elamvazuthi, Taib Ibrahim Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bandar Seri Iskandar, 31750 Tronoh, Perak, Malaysia article info Article history: Received 26 December 2013 Received in revised form 18 February 2014 Accepted 7 March 2014 Available online 30 March 2014 Keywords: Building Energy Comfort Control Optimization Management Occupants abstract Buildings all around the world consume a significant amount of energy, which is more or less one-third of the total primary energy resources. This has raised concerns over energy supplies, rapid energy resource depletion, rising building service demands, improved comfort life styles along with the increased time spent in buildings; consequently, this has shown a rising energy demand in the near future. However, contemporary buildings’ energy efficiency has been fast tracked solution to cope/limit the rising energy demand of this sector. Building energy efficiency has turned out to be a multi-faceted problem, when provided with the limitation for the satisfaction of the indoor comfort index. However, the comfort level for occupants and their behavior have a significant effect on the energy consumption pattern. It is generally perceived that energy unaware activities can also add one-third to the building’s energy performance. Researchers and investigators have been working with this issue for over a decade; yet it remains a challenge. This review paper presents a comprehensive and significant research conducted on state-of-the-art intelligent control systems for energy and comfort management in smart energy buildings (SEB’s). It also aims at providing a building research community for better under- standing and up-to-date knowledge for energy and comfort related trends and future directions. The main table summarizes 121 works closely related to the mentioned issue. Key areas focused on include comfort parameters, control systems, intelligent computational methods, simulation tools, occupants’ behavior and preferences, building types, supply source considerations and countries research interest in this sector. Trends for future developments and existing research in this area have been broadly studied and depicted in a graphical layout. In addition, prospective future advancements and gaps have also been discussed comprehensively. & 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Contents 1. Introduction ........................................................................................................ 410 1.1. Building energy scenario ........................................................................................ 410 1.2. Indoor building comfort ........................................................................................ 410 1.3. Current literature survey ........................................................................................ 411 1.4. Previous literature survey ....................................................................................... 411 2. Survey trend analysis ................................................................................................ 411 3. Control systems in buildings ........................................................................................... 420 3.1. Conventional controllers ........................................................................................ 421 3.2. Intelligent controllers .......................................................................................... 421 3.2.1. Learning methods ...................................................................................... 421 3.2.2. Model-based predictive control method..................................................................... 422 3.2.3. Agent based control systems .............................................................................. 422 4. Computational optimization methods ................................................................................... 423 5. Simulation tools..................................................................................................... 424 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/rser Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2014.03.027 1364-0321/& 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. n Corresponding author. Tel.: þ60 14 9971 034. E-mail address: engr.pervezhameed@gmail.com (P.H. Shaikh). Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews 34 (2014) 409–429