Presented at the International Congress on Membranes and Membrane Processes (ICOM), Toulouse, France,
July 7–12, 2002.
0011-9164/02/$– See front matter © 2002 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved
Desalination 149 (2002) 435–440
Adsorption and diffusion properties of zeolite membranes by
transient permeation
Tracy Q. Gardner*, John L. Falconer, Richard D. Noble
University of Colorado; Boulder, CO 80309-0424, USA
Tel. +1 (303) 492-7471; Fax +1 (303) 492-4341; email: gardnetq@ucsu.colorado.edu
Received 7 February 2002; accepted 21 February 2002
Abstract
Adsorption isotherms and diffusion coefficients for light gases and butane isomers were measured for the transport
pathways involved in gas permeation through H-ZSM-5 membranes by a transient permeation technique. The permeate
responses to step changes in the feed were measured, and the transport was modeled as Maxwell–Stefan diffusion with
single-site Langmuir adsorption in the zeolite. Isotherms measured for N
2
, CO
2
, and CH
4
at 295 K were nearly identical
to those measured by calorimetry on H-ZSM-5 powders. Isotherms for butane isomers were also similar to isotherms
for MFI powders and heats of adsorption and diffusion activation energies were in the ranges reported in the literature.
Maxwell–Stefan diffusion coefficients for all gases studied increased slightly with feed partial pressure and were
similar to those measured by other macroscopic methods for zeolite membranes and crystals. Effective membrane
thicknesses were also determined non-destructively for tubular zeolite membranes by the transient permeation
technique.
Keywords: Transient permeation; Zeolite membranes; Adsorption isotherms; Maxwell–Stefan diffusion; Transport
modeling
1. Introduction
Zeolite membranes are inorganic alumino-
silicate crystalline films grown on porous
supports. Due to their pores of molecular dimen-
sions, high chemical and thermal stability, and
catalytic nature, zeolite membranes operate as
*Corresponding author.
molecular sieves and have industrial potential as
materials for separators and catalytic membrane
reactors. They separate molecules based on
differences in adsorptive and diffusive properties
as well as molecular size. Diffusing species can
travel through the pores of the zeolite crystals
and/or between crystal boundaries in the film.
Synthesis gels and methods have been modified
and refined and zeolite membranes with >99.99%