Physlca C 209 (1993) 277-280
North-Holland
Experimental investigation of current-limiting device model based on high-T c
superconductors
V. Sokolovsky, V. Meerovich a, G. Grader and G. Shterb
aElectrical Engineering Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, P.O.B. 653,
Beer-Sheva, 84105, ISRAEL*
bChemical Engineering Department, Technion, Haifa, 32000, ISRAEL*
The model of an inductive current-limiting device consists of a copper coil and a high-T c
superconducting ring which are placed on a ferrite core and are coupled magnetically. The
rings were prepared by extrusion of the Y B a C u O submicron precursor powder and organic
binder, followed by sintering in oxygen atmosphere. The principle of the device's operation is
based on a rapid rise of the device's inductance at the transition of the ring from the
superconducting to the normal state.The results demonstrate that the device can reduce both
the transient and the steady-state fault current significantly. The influence of thermal processes
in the ring on the mode of device operation in the circuitis discussed.
1. INTRODUCTION
Development of electricpower systems is
accompanied by a constant increase in fault
currents; these impose enhanced
electrodynamic and thermal stability
requirements to be met by electrotechnical
device components. This in turn leads to a
significant increase in size, weight and cost
of electricalpower equipment.
One method for fault current reduction is
the application of high-speed current
limiting devices (CLDs) having nonlinear
characteristics: low impedance in normal
operating conditions and high impedance in
fault conditions. A promising option of such
devices is the superconducting (SC) CLD
[1-3], which is based on swift impedance
change due to transition of a superconductor
from SC state to its normal state. These
transitions can be initiated by superfluous
current, magnetic field or temperature,
exceeding the respective critical values.~
A variety of SC CLDs and ways of using
them have been known for decades. Some
experimental CLDs based on low-
temperature superconductors operating in
liquid helium at temperature 4 K have been
already tested throughout the world [1-3].
The advent in 1987 of high-temperature
superconductors (HTSC) having critical
temperatures higher than 90 K and allowing
the use of reliable and inexpensive
liquid-nitrogen cooling systems roused
interestin C L D based on SC elements [2,3].
2. DEVICE CONCEPT
The device we have investigated is an
inductive one; it consists of a primary
normal metal coil and a secondary
short-circuited H T S C coil which are placed
on a ferromagnetic core (Fig. I). The
primary coil is connected in series to the
circuit to be protected. Under normal
conditions of the circuit, the SC coilis in the
S C state and its resistance equals zero. The
magnetic flux produced by the primary coil
is compensated by the flux of induced
current in the short-circuitedsecondary coil.
The device's impedance is low and is
determined only by a leakage flux of the coils.
Under short-circuitedconditions the current
in the H T S C coil rises quickly up to the
*This work was supported by research grants from Ministry of Science & Technology of Israel
0921-4534/93/$06 00 © 1993 - Elsevmr Scmnce Pubhshers B V All rights reserved