Peer Reviewed Proceedings of the 4
th
Annual Conference, Popular Culture Association of Australia and New Zealand
(PopCAANZ), Brisbane, Australia, 24-26 June, 2013, pp. 71-79. ISBN: 978-0-646-91561-6. © 2013
71
ALEKSANDR ANDREAS WANSBROUGH
University of Sydney
Tragedy and comedy in Lars von Trier’s The Boss of It All
ABSTRACT
Through examining conceptions of tragedy and comedy, this paper argues
that Lars von Trier’s film, Direktøren for det hele/The Boss of It All (2006),
challenges the dichotomies of G.W.F. Hegel’s and George Steiner’s analysis
of comedy and tragedy. For example, Hegel conceives of classical tragedy
as a conflict between two characters that embody universal ideals. However,
comedy, according to Hegel, concerns people who cannot live up to their
ideals. Most of us cannot embody transcendent ideals, so comedy clearly
resembles ordinary life more than Hegelian tragedy. As with the hero of
tragedy, the protagonist of The Boss of It All divides the harmony of the
good, and in staying true to his ideal, betrays himself. In this way, the film
suggests a transcendent pathos that is connected with the comic failure of
ordinary life. Contrary to Steiner’s notion that tragedy presents an
‘aristocracy of pain’ and a sense that life’s cruelties cannot be overcome,
this reading of von Trier’s film maintains that tragedy appeals to us because
it indicates our desire for our surroundings to be different. This paper
concludes, following Eagleton’s analysis of the tragic, that tragedy is
connected to hope. In so doing, I will argue that The Boss of It All, indicates
that art can survive the dissolution between tragedy and comedy that Hegel
claims would dissolve art.
KEYWORDS
Hegel
Steiner
Eagleton
tragedy
tragicomedy
comedy
There are a number of connections between comedy and tragedy. These ‘genres’ share such
themes as reversals in fortune, the collision between the real and the ideal and, often, a fate
obverse to the protagonist’s intention. Yet, according to George Steiner, it is seldom that the
tragic and the comic actually converge (Steiner 2003: 534-535). Steiner claims that the
terrain of the tragicomic is a separate artistic mode incapable of encompassing works that are