Analysis of mixing of impinging radial jets with crossflow in the regime of counter flow jet formation Е.V. Kartaev n , V.А. Emel’kin, М.G. Ktalkherman, V.I. Kuz’min, S.М. Aul’chenko, S.P. Vashenko Khristianovich Institute of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Institutskaya Str., 4/1, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia HIGHLIGHTS  We studied mixing of impinging radially injected gas jets and main crossflow.  Axial and radial temperature profiles were measured above jets injection plane.  Dependence is proposed to calculate the depth of penetration of counter flow jet.  Counter flow penetration depth and radial penetration depth are linearly related. article info Article history: Received 7 March 2014 Received in revised form 1 July 2014 Accepted 31 July 2014 Available online 7 August 2014 Keywords: Mixing Impinging jets Counter flow Crossflow Penetration depth abstract Experimental investigation and numerical calculation of the macromixing of multi-orifice impinging radial jets and main crossflow in the plasma-chemical reactor channel were performed. The emphasis is on the analysis of the conditions providing the formation of a jet on the channel axis directed toward the main flow. Axial and radial distributions of the temperatures were measured in four channel cross sections above the jets injection point. An empirical dependence is proposed to calculate the axial depth of penetration the counter flow jet. The dependence generalizes the measurement results and is in agreement with the data of other authors. The relationship between the parameter of counter flow jet penetration depth and the parameter of impinging jets radial depth of penetration was revealed. Experimental data are in qualitative agreement with the numerical simulation results. & 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. 1. Introduction Mixing of jets with the transverse flow in the duct is used in various technical applications, for example, in gas burners (Ivanov, 1963), gas-turbine combustion chambers (Hatch et al., 1995; Holdeman et al., 1997; Kroll et al., 2000), for reagents mixing (Hulet et al., 2005; Ktalkherman and Namyatov, 2008; Tsirlin, 1967), synthesis and quenching of the final products in chemical reactors (Li et al., 2007; Hai and Kim, 2012; Samokhin et al., 2013). Moreover, many works are devoted to the analysis of impinging micro-jets without cross flow in reactors mixers (CIJR (Confined Impinging Jets Reactor)), which are utilized in various biological, biochemical, and chemical applications (Liu et al., 2009; Yang et al., 2004; Shi et al., 2011; Zhao et al., 2011; Krupa et al., 2012). Among most prominent works dealing with the experimental and numerical investigation of the processes of impinging and turbulent mixing of reagent jets in CIJR, (Johnson and Prud’homme, 2003; Liu and Fox, 2006; Icardi et al., 2011) should be mentioned. Gas dynamics of a single circular jet in the unconfined cross flow has been being studied for a long time (Margason, 1993; Abramovich, 1960; Girshovich, 1993; Pan and Meng, 2001), by various methods of flow diagnostics. The data for the single jet in the unconfined transverse flow can be used also for mixer calculation (jet system in the channel), when the depth of jet penetration into the flow and the ratio of jet flow rate and main crossflow are small. However, in many technical devices these conditions are not met and hence the flow structure in the mixer channel depends on the interaction between the jets and between the jets and main flow. Recently, serious attention is paid on compact mixers with a short time of jets mixing with the main flow in the duct. Such mixers operate in the mode of impinging of Contents lists available at ScienceDirect journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/ces Chemical Engineering Science http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ces.2014.07.062 0009-2509/& 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. n Corresponding author. Tel.: þ7 383 3306545; fax: þ7 383 3307268. E-mail addresses: kartayev@mail.ru, kartayev@itam.nsc.ru (Е.V. Kartaev). Chemical Engineering Science 119 (2014) 1–9