Universal Journal of Psychology 2(8): 248-254 2014 http://www.hrpub.org
DOI: 10.13189/ujp.2014.020802
An Introduction to the Aesthetic Precognition:
Threat or Opportunity for Contemporary Art?
Giuseppe Galetta
Department of Humanities and Social Sciences, Psychological Area, University of Cassino and Southern Latio (Uniclam), Campus
“Folcara”, 03043 Cassino (FR), Italy
*Corresponding Author: giuseppe.galetta@unicas.it
Copyright © 2014 Horizon Research Publishing All rights reserved.
Abstract This paper presents some findings of an
ongoing experiment on the Beauty perception and aesthetic
appreciation of the artworks, based for the first time on the
use the most popular social network: Facebook. Exploiting
the system of “like” and “share”, on which Facebook is
based, thousands of artwork images were submitted to a
sample of over 10,000 users worldwide. Through the metrics
analysis related to the aesthetic preferences expressed by
the users, it was observed they are inclined to react the same
way towards certain visual stimuli coming from artwork
images: specific compositional characteristics of the
artworks are able to influence the aesthetic preferences of the
viewers towards some artworks rather than others. The
steady repetition of aesthetic preferences related to same
compositional elements present in the artworks allowed to
predict the subsequent aesthetic choices by the viewers
towards not yet posted artworks. We identified some of these
responsive elements, which would be able to activate the
Beauty recognition and the Aesthetic Pleasure in the
perceivers. In this way it would be possible to develop an
Aesthetic Algorithm able to identify the share of Beauty
required to activate the Aesthetic Pleasure, by introducing
specific responsive elements in the artworks with the aim of
predicting, and also predetermining, the viewers reactions.
The knowledge of the perceptual mechanisms capable of
activating the Aesthetic Pleasure might allow to predict and
influence beforehand the aesthetic preferences of viewers
toward the artworks, with many implications for the current
Art Market. We described this predictive analysis of
aesthetic appreciation of the viewers as Aesthetic
Precognition.
Keywords Psychology of Art, Neuroesthetics, Empirical
Aesthetics, Perception, Precognition, Facebook
1. Introduction
Is it possible to identify the compositional characteristics
of an artwork, that are able to activate the brain areas
responsible for the Beauty recognition, inducing the
Aesthetic Pleasure in the viewers? Maybe all of us are driven
by a specific form of aesthetic determinism when we admire
and appreciate an artwork? If we were able to predict the
aesthetic preferences of the public towards an artwork,
maybe could we talk about Aesthetic Precognition?
According to recent studies in the field of Neuroesthetics,
the process of aesthetic appreciation by the perceivers has a
neurophysiological basis [1,2]. Comparing the findings of
these studies with the Processing Fluency theory of aesthetic
pleasure [3], that emphasizes the interaction between the
perceiver and an object, focusing on the effects of objective
stimulus attributes on perceived Beauty, we hypothesized
that Beauty perception and Aesthetic Pleasure of the viewers
are predetermined by specific visual characteristics of the
artworks. Based on this insight, we analyzed the aesthetic
preferences expressed by a wide sample of viewers towards
several artwork images posted on Facebook: it was noted
that most of viewers reacts the same way in front of precise
visual stimuli. The presence of specific compositional
elements within the artworks would be able to influence the
aesthetic judgment: this would not be subjective and based
on inborn or acquired preferences, but resides in the features
of the viewed object, that stimulate the Aesthetic Pleasure of
the viewer. So the viewer’s brain would be adapted to these
hedonically marked features of the artworks.
Here we anticipate some findings of an empirical study,
still in progress, that we are conducting in innovative and
unconventional way through the use of the most popular
social network (Facebook), in order to explore a new field of
investigation based on the intersection among Psychology of
Perception, Neuroesthetics and Information Technology.
We decided to use Facebook because it is currently the
largest site of statistical aggregation in an increasingly
connected and technology-driven world, but at the present
stage of research we have opted not include numbers,
because we are still developing a new methodology of