1 Short-term high-fat diet increases macrophage markers in skeletal muscle accompanied by impaired insulin signaling in healthy male subjects Short running title: Macrophage markers in skeletal muscle Mariëtte R. Boon, PhD* 1,2 , Leontine E. H. Bakker, MD* 1 , Mariëlle C. Haks, PhD 3 , Edwin Quinten, BSc 3 , Gert Schaart, PhD 4 , Lianne van Beek, MSc 2,5 , Yanan Wang, PhD 1,2 , Linda van Schinkel 1 , Vanessa van Harmelen, PhD 2,5 , A. Edo Meinders, MD, PhD 1 , Tom H.M. Ottenhoff MD, PhD 3 , Ko Willems van Dijk PhD 1,2,5 , Bruno Guigas PhD 6,7 , Ingrid M. Jazet MD, PhD #1 and Patrick C.N. Rensen PhD #1,2 Dept. of 1 Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands, 2 Einthoven Laboratory for Experimental Vascular Medicine, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands, 3 Dept. of Human Movement Sciences, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands, and Depts. of 4 Infectious Diseases, 5 Human Genetics, 6 Parasitology and 7 Molecular Cell Biology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands *,# Both authors contributed equally Corresponding author: Mariëtte R. Boon, Dept. of Endocrinology and Metabolic Diseases, Post zone C7 Leiden University Medical Center, P.O. Box 9600, 2300 RC Leiden, The Netherlands Phone: +31-71-52-65462. Email: m.r.boon@lumc.nl Text: 3506 words, abstract: 251 words, 2 tables and 1 figure Key words: • Insulin resistance • Skeletal muscle • High-fat diet • Macrophage • CETP Clinical trial registry: NTR 2473 (URL: http://www.trialregister.nl) Financial support: Supported by the Dutch Diabetes Research Foundation (grant 2012.11.1500 to P.C.N. Rensen and M.R. Boon), the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme projects TANDEM (grant 305279), ADITEC (grant 28073) and a project sponsored by the Netherlands Relief Foundation. M.R. Boon is also supported by the Board of Directors of the Leiden University Medical Center (LUMC). P.C.N. Rensen is Established Investigator of the Netherlands Heart Foundation (grant 2009T038). The authors have nothing to disclose. Clinical Science Immediate Publication. Published on 22 Aug 2014 as manuscript CS20140179 THIS IS NOT THE VERSION OF RECORD - see doi:10.1042/CS20140179 Accepted Manuscript Licenced copy. Copying is not permitted, except with prior permission and as allowed by law. © 2014 The Authors Journal compilation © 2014 Biochemical Society