ISSN 2320-5407 International Journal of Advanced Research (2016), Volume 4, Issue 2, 1013-1019 1013 Journal homepage: http://www.journalijar.com INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ADVANCED RESEARCH RESEARCH ARTICLE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF SOLANUM NIGRUM ON NEPHROTOXICITY IN ANIMALS TREATED WITH ANTITUMOR DRUG (CISPLATIN). Ayatullah Mohamed Salama, Khalid Bassiouny, Ibrahim Helmy El-Sayed, Mahmoud Emam Nasr. Department of Molecular Biology, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Research Institute, Sadat City University, Sadat City, Menoufia, Egypt. Manuscript Info Abstract Manuscript History: Received: 14 December 2016 Final Accepted: 15 January 2016 Published Online: February 2016 Key words: Solanum nigrum, Cisplatin, Nephrotoxicity, Oxidative stress, Real-time PCR. *Corresponding Author Ayatullah Mohamed Salama. Objectives. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of Solanum nigrum on nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by cisplatin. Methods. Male mice were divided into 4 groups: control (Group A), cisplatin (Group B), Solanum nigrum (Group C), and cisplatin plus Solanum nigrum (Group D). Creatinine and urea were evaluated for nephrotoxicity. Catalase (CAT), glutathione-S-transferase (GST), nitric oxide (NO), and malondialdehyde (MDA) were measured colorimetrically and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) was determined by real-time PCR for evaluation of oxidative stress. Results. CAT significantly decreased while creatinine, urea, GST, NO, MDA, and HO-1 significantly increased only in cisplatin-treated group. Discussion. Solanum nigrum ameliorates nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by cisplatin. Copy Right, IJAR, 2016,. All rights reserved. Introduction:- Cisplatin is widely used as a potent chemotherapeutic agent available to treat a variety of solid tumors and other malignancies 1-3 . However, nephrotoxicity or acute kidney injury is one of the major side effects of cisplatin 4-6 . The precise mechanism is not determined but there are studies that suggest the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in this side effect 7-11 , such as superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical which inhibit the activity of antioxidant enzymes in renal tissue 12 . Plant-derived natural products have received considerable attention in recent years due to diverse pharmacological properties, including antioxidant and antitumor activity 13-14 . Solanum nigrum L., belonging to the nightshade of the Solanaceae family, is antiseptic and antidysentric agent and is used in the treatment of heart, skin disease, psoriasis, and inflammation of kidney 15-16 . Also, extracts of the plant are used as analgesic, antispasmodic, anti-inflammatory, antidiabetic, vasodilator, emollient, and laxative agents 17-18 . It was also found that Solanum nigrum leaves and fruits are potential sources of cytotoxic and antioxidant agents 19-21 . The aim of this study is to detect the antioxidant effect of Solanum nigrum on the nephrotoxicity and oxidative stress caused by cisplatin. Material and Methods:- Plant:- Solanum nigrum was received as a gift from Dr. Mamdouh Salem Serag, Department of Botany, Faculty of Science, Damietta University, New Damietta, Egypt. The plant was washed, shade-dried, and ground. An aqueous extract was prepared by immersing the whole plant in boiling distilled water. Then the extract was filtered and evaporated under vacuum.