Asian J. Management 3(3): July-Sept. 2012
153
ISSN- 0976- 495X 1 www.anvpublication.org
RESEARCH ARTICLE
Consumer Buying Behaviour for High Involvement Products -A Study
Dr. G. K. Deshmukh
1
*, Dr. R. P. Das
2
1
Senior Assistant Professor, Institute of Management, Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G.)
2
Professor, Director and Dean, Institute of Management, Pt. Ravi Shankar Shukla University, Raipur (C.G.)
*Corresponding Author E-mail:
ABSTRACT:
In a globalised economy, markets are characterized by competition. The fast innovations of technologies are
intensifying the intensity of competition and is becoming challenge for every business. In the past few years, due to
competition, continuously company margins are considerably declining. According to Philip Kotler (2003), in hyper
competition, power is clearly shifting to consumers who are increasingly telling what product features they want, what
communication they will tolerate, what incentives they expect and what price they will pay. It is high time for
marketers to study, understand and predict consumer behaviour in order to survive, sustain and grow in this highly
competitive and volatile market. In fact, consumer behaviour is the process whereby individuals decide whether, what,
when, where, how and from whom to purchase goods and services (Walter and Paul, 1970). As a field of study,
consumer behaviour focuses upon consumer activities (Blackwell, Miniard, Engel, 2001). Moreover, the scholars of
human behaviour are highly concerned to study the consumer behaviour in order to gain deeper insights into why
individuals are involved in certain consumption related behaviour and interested to know what internal and external
factors influences them in their consumption related decisions. Zikmund (2001) is of opinion that human behavior of
any kind (B) is a function (f) of the interaction between the person (P) and the environment (E)–that is B= f (P,E).
According to Zikmund, consumer behaviour is the function of personal factors (age and stages of life cycle,
occupation, economic situation, life style, personality, psychology etc.) and environmental factors (culture, subculture,
social class, reference groups, family, role and status).
INTRODUCTION:
Social class as a factor influencing consumer buying
behavior has been studied by many researchers both in
India and abroad. In an earlier study Warner and Paul
(1941) have identified that different social classes display
different purchase goals and shopping behaviours. Warner
(1949) found from his study that buying habits of lower
class persons are profoundly different from middle class
persons. What each person buys and where he purchases, is
symbolic as well as has economic values. Martineau (1958)
found from his study that the individual’s consumption
pattern actually symbolises his class position. Social class is
often more significant determinant of his buying behaviour
than income. Kahl (1957) found from his study that kinds of
things a person will buy or will not buy are strongly related
to his class membership.
Received on 17.07.2012 Accepted on 20.08.2012
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Asian J. Management 3(3): July-Sept., 2012 page 153-157
Vidich and Bensman (1960) found that lower class people
prefer to spend their money on immediate needs and
fancies. Brown, Gray and Korgaonkar (1992) found role of
consumer’s social class while making purchases via
electronic shopping.
It is found that consumers from the higher social classes
show progressively less interest in electronic shopping as
their income and status increase in comparison to lower
social class consumers. Thus, though there exist many more
studies both in India and abroad with respect to the impact
of internal and external factors separately or together
influencing consumers buying behavior but a study on how
social classes as an external determinant determines
consumer buying behavior especially for High Involvement
Products (HIPS), in the state of Chhattisgarh is
conspicuously scanty. Hence the present study is a modest
attempt to investigate the impact of social factors on
consumer buying behavior.
OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY:
Following were the objectives of the study:
(1) To investigate the impact of social class as one of the
factor influencing consumer buying behaviour in selected