Assessing Job Candidates’ Creativity:
Propositions and Future Research
Directions
Anna Malakate, Constantine Andriopoulos and
Manto Gotsi
Identifying and selecting creative employees is of key importance in today’s high-pace busi-
ness environment. Yet, little is known about how assessors in organizational settings evaluate
the creative potential of job candidates. In this paper we review the extant literature on
individual and team creativity in order to identify criteria (cues) against which job candidates’
creativity could be assessed. We argue that the creative potential of job candidates could be
evaluated against four key dimensions (the creative individual, the creative product, the
creative process and the creative environment) and call for empirical research to further
explore and test our propositions in practice.
Introduction
A
t the dawn of the 21st century organiza-
tions are more eager than ever before to
sustain high levels of creative ability. Rapid
technological advancements, shorter product
life-cycles and intense competition in the
business environment have propelled the
importance of creativity to unprecedented
heights (Amabile et al., 1996). Novel and use-
ful ideas are, therefore, increasingly becom-
ing a precious commodity and employees
who generate them are sought-after resources
(Andriopoulos, 2003).
In an attempt to identify creative individu-
als, early studies have focused to a large extent
on personal dispositions and other individual
characteristics that may predict creative
achievement (MacKinnon, 1960, 1962; McDer-
mid, 1965; Keller & Holland, 1978). Studies
have attempted to list personality correlates of
creative productivity as well as to collect bio-
graphical information that might predict later
creative behaviour. Research subsequently
moved away from studying creativity solely
from the individual perspective and shifted to
a greater recognition of contextual-situational
factors that may enhance or prohibit indi-
vidual and/or team creativity. For instance,
contemporary researchers from different dis-
ciplines identify relationships between creativ-
ity and innovation in organizational settings
and corporate strategy (Dougherty & Hardy,
1996), leadership (Redmond, Mumford &
Teach, 1993; Amabile et al., 1996), structure
(Burns & Stalker, 1994), climate (Amabile &
Gryskiewicz, 1989), culture (Tushman &
O’Reilly, 2002; Flynn & Chatman, 2004), feed-
back (Farris, 1972) and resources (Nohari &
Gulati, 1996).
Creativity is, therefore, increasingly viewed
as a social phenomenon, often necessitating
teamwork in organizational settings (e.g.,
Gilson & Shalley, 2004). In this respect, team
knowledge, skills and abilities (KSAs) appear
as key ingredients of creative achievement.
Stevens and Campion (1999), for instance,
argue that interpersonal and self-management
KSAs are critical correlates of creative perfor-
mance. On the one hand, conflict resolution,
collaborative problem solving and communi-
cation are important interpersonal factors
which distinguish a good teamworker from a
bad one. On the other hand, goal setting and
performance management together with plan-
ning and task coordination knowledge, skills
and abilities make up the necessary self-
management characteristics that creative
employees should possess. Additionally, pre-
vious experience in teams (Athanasaw, 2003;
ASSESSING JOB CANDIDATES’ CREATIVITY 307
Volume 16 Number 3 2007
doi:10.1111/j.1467-8691.2007.00437.x
© 2007 The Authors
Journal compilation © 2007 Blackwell Publishing