ORIGINAL ARTICLE
453
SUMMARY
Objective: To analyze the association between maternal obesity and postnatal infectious
complications in high-risk pregnancies. Methods: Prospective study from August 2009
through August 2010 with the following inclusion criteria: women up to the 5
th
post-
partum day; age ≥ 18 years; high-risk pregnancy; singleton pregnancy with live fetus
at labor onset; delivery at the institution; maternal weight measured on day of delivery.
he nutritional status in late pregnancy was assessed by the body mass index (BMI),
with the application of the Atalah et al. curve. Patients were graded as underweight,
adequate weight, overweight, or obese. Postpartum complications investigated during
the hospital stay and 30 days post-discharge were: surgical wound infection and/or se-
cretion, urinary infection, postpartum infection, fever, hospitalization, antibiotic use,
and composite morbidity (at least one of the complications mentioned). Results: 374
puerperal women were included, graded according to the inal BMI as: underweight
(n = 54, 14.4%); adequate weight (n = 126, 33.7%); overweight (n = 105, 28.1%); and
obese (n = 89, 23.8%). Maternal obesity was shown to have a signiicant association with
the following postpartum complications: surgical wound infection (16.7%, p = 0.042),
urinary infection (9.0%, p = 0.004), antibiotic use (12.3%, p < 0.001), and composite
morbidity (25.6%, p = 0.016). By applying the logistic regression model, obesity in late
pregnancy was found to be an independent variable regardless of the composite morbid-
ity predicted (OR: 2.09; 95% CI: 1.15-3.80, p = 0.015). Conclusion: Maternal obesity
during late pregnancy in high-risk patients is independently associated with postpartum
infectious complications, which demonstrates the need for a closer follow-up of mater-
nal weight gain in these pregnancies.
Keywords: Nutritional status; obesity; pregnancy; postpartum period; high-risk preg-
nancy; puerperal infection.
©2012 Elsevier Editora Ltda. All rights reserved.
Study conducted at the Discipline
of Obstetrics, Department of
Obstetrics and Gynecology,
Medical School, Universidade de
São Paulo, São Paulo, and at the
Nutrition and Dietetics Division,
Nutrology Group, Clinical Hospital,
Medical School, Universidade de
São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
Submitted on: 09/21/2011
Approved on: 02/19/2012
Financial support:
Master’s scholarship to the student
Letícia Vieira de Paiva granted by
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa
do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Correspondence to:
Roseli Mieko Yamamoto Nomura
Av. Dr. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, 255
10º andar, sala 10037
São Paulo – SP, Brazil
CEP: 05403-000
roseli.nomura@hotmail.com
Conflicts of interest: None.
Maternal obesity in high-risk pregnancies and postpartum infectious
complications
LETÍCIA VIEIRA DE PAIVA
1
, ROSELI MIEKO YAMAMOTO NOMURA
2
, MARIA CAROLINA GONÇALVES DIAS
3
, MARCELO ZUGAIB
4
1
Nutritionist, Postgraduate Program Student, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
2
Associate Professor, Universidade de São Paulo (USP), São Paulo, SP, Brazil
3
MSc in Applied Human Nutrition, USP; Nutritionist, Central Institute, Clinical Hospital, Medical School, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
4
Full Professor, Medical School, USP, São Paulo, SP, Brazil