"Rapid Prototyping" of Biosensing Surface Plasmon Resonance Devices
using COMSOL & Matlab Software
Dominic Carrier and Jan J. Dubowski
Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Université de Sherbrooke
Sherbrooke, Québec, J1K 2R1, Canada, E-mail: dominic.carrier@usherbrooke.ca
Abstract: We present a Finite Element Method
simulation procedure that allows rapid
development of prototype devices comprising
novel self-referenced interference SPR (surface
plasmon resonance) biosensing microstructures.
The procedure takes advantage of commercial
Comsol Multiphysics and Matlab software and
their bi-directional link.
Keywords: Biosensor, surface plasmon
resonance, FEM, Comsol, phase measurement.
1. Introduction
Numerous papers presenting results of
research on surface plasmon resonance (SPR)
effect for biosensing use commercial apparatus
[1, 2]. The focus of our research is to provide a
new scheme of biosensing with increased
sensitivity and specificity, or to offer other
advantages, such as a possibility of integration.
To allow this latitude of research, exploration of
flexible biosensing geometry must be possible.
Computer simulation offers this kind of latitude,
albeit also presenting some difficulties of its own
[3].
Many approaches have already been applied
to model physical effects and carry out computer
simulations in plasmonics and photonics.
Green's tensor approach [4-6], scattering-matrix
formalism [7-9] and FEM simulations [10-12]
are common methods employed. Green's tensor
and scattering matrix methods are restricted to
specific modeling scheme (regular "analytic"
background and layered architecture respectively
[8, 13-15]) whereas Finite Element Method
(FEM) does not present such restrictions. The
FEM approach is arguably the most user-friendly
computing interface. With commercially
available FEM software, designing new models,
simulation and visualization of the results has
become an increasingly common path of
advanced research. Generally, the FEM
approach is less convenient in terms of
computational power required and the raw form
of results or, sometimes, accuracy, but it presents
flexibility attractive for undertaking new
research.
1.1 SPR biosensing
Diverse fundamental methods were and are
currently under investigation to create biosensing
devices. Surface acoustic waves, micro-
cantilevers, surface plasmon resonance and
optical mode probing are only common example
avenues of development [16-21]. Commercial
SPR systems have been available for more than
15 years [22] and methods have been developed
to make measurement of the same fundamental
phenomenon more sensitive over the years [23-
25]. Combining SPR with phase interference
measurement yet still preserving integrability
and ease-of-measurement is our goal in the
development of a biosensing device.
2. "Rapid-prototyping" methodology for
simulation
The availability of commercial software to
produce FEM simulations has tremendously
accelerated the problem-solving process; the
solving engine is already built and verified, the
user interface (UI) provides CAD tools to design
with, and the software generally comes with
examples, tutorials and documentation to help
users transfer their problem to the simulation
environment. Our research makes use of Comsol
Multiphysics software and its close integration
with Matlab. The close integration of a high-
level programming environment with the
strengths and ease-of-use of a mature UI was
invaluable to our research, as flexibility of
design (use of templates) and advanced
parameterization were significant to efficiently
achieve these results.
2.1 Modularity
Rapid development of simulation models has
been achieved with a programming paradigm,
i.e., modularity [26]. When designing complex
Excerpt from the Proceedings of the COMSOL Conference 2009 Boston