Journal of Pharmacy Research Vol.4.Issue 7. July 2011 Virender Singh et al. / Journal of Pharmacy Research 2011,4(7),2361 2361 Short Notes ISSN: 0974-6943 Available online through http://jprsolutions.info * Corresponding author. Dr. Virender Singh, Head, Dept. of Life Sciences. Himachal Institute of Life Sciences, Paonta Sahib (H.P.) India. I NTRODUCTI ON Antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern of bacteria causing UTI infection in pregnant women Virender Singh 1 *, P. K. Chauhan 2 , Rohini Kanta 3 , Abhiney Puri and B.R.Garg. 1 Dept. of Microbiology, Himachal Institute of Life Sciences, Paonta Sahib (H.P.) India. 2 Dept. of Biochemistry, Himachal Institute of Life Sciences, Paonta Sahib (H.P.) India. 3 Dept. of Biotechnology, Himachal Institute of Life Sciences, Paonta Sahib (H.P.) India. 4 Dept. of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Himachal Institute of Dental Sciences, Paonta Sahib (H.P.) India. 5 Dept. of Pharmacy, Himachal Institute of Pharmacy, Paonta Sahib (H.P.) India. Received on: 12-04-2011; Revised on: 18-05-2011; Accepted on:21-06-2011 ABSTRACT In the present study a total of 92 bacteria were recovered in 50 urine samples of UTI patients (pregnant women). The most prominent bacteria was E.coli 40 (80%) followed by Klebsiella 30 (60%) and Proteus 22(44 %).The Antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern of bacteria causing UTI infection in pregnant women was detected by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, on Muller Hinton Agar. It is concluded that the gram –ve bacteria E.coli, Klebsiella and Proteus were responsible for UTI infection in pregnant women. The most prominent bacteria isolated from UTI infection in pregnant women were E. coli and the most effective antibiotics were Kanamycin, Meropenem, Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin. UTI may be very serious problem during pregnancy because they are more likely to travel to the kidney if UTI is not treated properly in a pregnant women, she may be more likely to have problems like high blood pressure or premature delivery of her baby. So the pregnant women require the antimicrobial treatment for UTI infection. Key words: Antibiotic, Enterobacteriaceae and urinary tract infection. Urinary tract infection (UTI) is one of the most important causes of morbidity in the general population and is the second most common cause of hospital visits (Ronald AR, 1991). With advancing age, the incidence of UTI increases in men due to prostate enlargement and neurogenic bladder (Lipe 1989). Recurrent infections are common and can lead to irreversible damage of the kidneys, resulting in renal hypertension and renal failure in severe cases (New CH. 1992). In the community, women are more prone to develop UTI. About 20% of women experience a single episode of UTI during their lifetime, and 3% of women have more than one episode of UTI per year (Gebre-Selassie S. 1998). Pregnancy also makes them more susceptible to infection (Pastore LM. 1999). Catheter-associated UTI is a trenchant problem, with about 5% of catheterized patients developing bacteriuria(Tambyah PA, 2000). It is universally accepted that UTI can only be ascertained on the basis of microscopy and microbial culture. UTI is the most common cause of nosocomial infection among hospitalized patients. In almost all cases, there is a need to start treatment before the ûnal microbiological results are available. Area- speciûc monitoring studies aimed to gain knowledge about the type of pathogens responsible for UTIs and their resistance patterns may help the clinician to choose the correct empirical treatment. Studies from the eastern part of Nepal, India and Bangladesh have reported an increased resistance of the urinary pathogens to commonly- used antibiotics (Navaneeth BV, 2002). Such information was not available for a tertiary care hospital in western Nepal. Hence this study was undertaken to ûnd out the frequency and antibiotic susceptibility pattern of the urinary pathogens isolated from the urine samples of suspected nosocomial urinary tract infections at Dr. Puran Chand hospital, Paonta sahib (H.P.). MATERIALS AND METHODS Samples of urine from UTI patients of pregnant women were collected from Dr. Puran Chand hospital, Paonta sahib (H.P.). The samples were collected aseptically in sterile 50 ml Oakridge tubes. The samples received were initially inoculated on Nutrient agar and MacConkey Agar. A measured amount of urine using inoculating loop was inoculated to Nutrient agar medium for colony count. Equal or more than 10 4 CFU/ml of single potential pathogens interpreted as positive UTI. A less than 10 2 CFU/ml was interpreted as negative UTI. The isolates obtained were identified on the basis of colony morphology and biochemical reactions. The prevalence and antimicrobial sensitivity and resistance pattern of bacteria causing UTI infection in pregnant women was detected by Kirby Bauer disc diffusion method, on Muller Hinton Agar. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION In the present study a total of 92 bacteria were recovered in 50 urine samples of UTI patients (pregnant women). The most prominent bacteria was E.coli 40 (80%) followed by Klebsiella 30 (60%) and Proteus 22(44 %). Maximum isolates were showing sensitivity to the Kanamycin, Meropenem, Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin and resistance towards Piperacillin, Cefoperazone, Cephlexin, Ceftazidime, Cefotaxime and Ceftriaxone. The frequency of E.coli (65.1%) causing UTI infection was obtained in studies performed in Britain and USA (Sahm et al., 2001) but in our study the frequency of E.coli was more. So our study concludes that Kanamycin, Meropenem, Amikacin and Ciprofloxacin are very effective against bacteria causing UTI infection in pregnant women. REFERENCES 1. Ronald AR, Pattulo MS. The natural history of urinary infection in adults. Med Clin North Am 1991; 75:299-312. 2. Liperky BA. Urinary tract infection in men: epidemiology, pathophysiology, diagnosis and treatment. Ann Intern Med 1989; 111:138-50. 3. New CH. Urinary tract infection. Am J Med 1992 (Suppl); 4A: 63-70. 4. Gebre-Selassie S. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in pregnancy: epidemiological, clinical and microbiological approach. Ethiop Med J 1998; 36:185-92. 5. Pastore LM, Savitz DA, Thorp JM Jr, et al. Predictors of symptomatic urinary tract infection after 20 weeks gestation. J Perinatol 1999; 19:488-93. 6. Tambyah PA, Maki DG. Catheter associated urinary tract infection is rarely symptomatic; a prospective study of 1497 catheterized patients. Arch Int Med 2000; 160:678-82. 7. Navaneeth BV, Belwadi S, Suganthi N. Urinary pathogens resistance to common antibiotics: a retrospective analysis. Trop Doct 2002; 32:20- 2. 8. Sahm, D, C, Thornsbery, D. Mayfied, M. Jones and J. Karolowsky, 2001. Multidrug- resistance urinary tract isolates of E.coli. Prevalence and patient demographics in the united states in. Antimicrob agent Chemother 2000; 45:1402-1406. Source of support: Nil, Conflict of interest: None Declared