J. Eng . Te c hno l. Sc i., Vo l. 47, No . 2, 2015, 201-206
201
A Case Study of Excreta Disposal Following the 2006 Java
Earthquake
*
Thye Yoke Pean
1
, Agus Jatnika Effendi
1
, Prayatni Soewondo
1
, Damir Brdjanovic
2
& Tjandra Setiadi
3
1
Department of Environmental Engineering, Bandung Institute of Technology,
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
2
UNESCO-IHE Institute for Water Education,
PO Box 3015, 2601 DA Delft, The Netherlands
3
Centre for Environmental Studies (PSLH), Bandung Institute of Technology,
Jalan Ganesa 10, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
Email: yokepean@gmail.com
Abstract. Providing safe excreta disposal following disasters is important for
disease prevention and the safety and dignity of the affected population. This is
challenging because every emergency varies due to the nature of the disaster,
local conditions and the characteristics of the affected population. This paper
investigates the impact of the 2006 Java earthquake on excreta disposal needs
and the response to those needs. Relevant documents were retrieved from the
ReliefWeb database, complemented by a literature search. The case study
highlights gaps in rapidly providing latrines on a large scale. Three months after
the disaster, only 57% of the latrines targeted had been provided. One way to
address this problem is to better understand the factors affecting excreta disposal
needs and response, allowing appropriate solutions to be identified more
effectively.
Keywords: earthquake; emergency; excreta disposal; sanitation; Yogyakarta.
1 Introduction
The lack of sanitation following disasters is an important cause of
communicable disease transmission [1]. In fact, some studies (e.g. [2]) suggest
that excreta disposal can have a greater impact on health than drinking water
quality. Just as importantly, toilet facilities affect the safety and dignity of the
affected population. Guidelines for excreta disposal response are provided by
the Sphere Project [3], which aim to ensure that the environment is free from
human feces and that the affected population has access to appropriate and
adequate toilet facilities. Indonesia’s National Disaster Management Agency
has adopted similar standards [4].
Every emergency presents a different set of challenges depending on the nature
of the disaster, local conditions and characteristics of the affected population.
Received April 2
nd
, 2014, Revised August 6
th
, 2014, Accepted for publication February 3
rd
, 2015.
Copyright ©2015 Published by ITB Journal Publisher, ISSN: 2337-5779, DOI: 10.5614/j.eng.technol.sci.2015.47.2.9
*
Part of this paper has been presented in The 2
nd
International Conference on Sustainable Infrastructure & Built
Environment (SIBE), 19-20 November 2013, Bandung, Indonesia.