Assessment Criteria Indicative of Deception (ACID):
An Integrated System of Investigative Interviewing and
Detecting Deception
KEVIN COLWELL
1,
*, CHERYL K. HISCOCK-ANISMAN
2
, AMINA MEMON
3
,
LAURA TAYLOR
1
and JESSICA PREWETT
4
1
Southern Connecticut State University, CT, USA
2
National University, CA, USA
3
University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UK
4
Valdosta State University, GA, USA
Abstract
This study describes the assimilation and validation of Assessment Criteria Indicative of
Deception (ACID). ACID is derived from investigative interviewing, Criteria-Based
Content Analysis, Reality Monitoring, and interpersonal deception. Each component has
been previously published. Thirty-eight university undergraduates entered a professor’s
office and either stole an exam or replaced an exam that had been stolen previously. They
were interviewed 1 week later with the Reality Interview, which is deliberately challeng-
ing and aims to enhance the detection of deception. Half responded honestly and com-
pletely; half distorted their responses to avoid incrimination. Incentives were provided.
Honest responses were longer, more detailed, and contained more admissions of potential
mistakes. Most importantly, honest respondents benefited from attempts to enhance recall,
whereas these same attempts caused deceptive respondents to provide shorter, more
repetitive statements. This is a promising technique; 33 of 38 cases were classified accu-
rately. Discussion includes characteristics of deception, process of deception during an
investigative interview, hypothetical interview strategies to facilitate the detection of
deception, strengths and weaknesses of the study, and areas for future research. Copyright
© 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Key words: investigative interviewing; deception; credibility; reality monitoring; CBCA;
vividness; spontaneity
There is a crucial need to develop a valid and applicable method for obtaining and evalu-
ating information during an investigation. The present research is a validation of one such
system of interviewing and credibility assessment, known as Assessment Criteria Indica-
tive of Deception (ACID). ACID combines content criteria derived from research in
interpersonal deception and memory with investigative interviewing to facilitate the detec-
tion of deception.
Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Journal of Investigative Psychology and Offender Profiling
J. Investig. Psych. Offender Profil. 4: 167–180 (2007)
Published online in Wiley InterScience (www.interscience.wiley.com). DOI: 10.1002/jip.73
*Correspondence to: Kevin Colwell, Ph.D., Department of Psychology, Southern Connecticut State University,
501 Crescent Street, New Haven, CT 06515, USA.
E-mail: colwellk2@southernct.edu