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# A solution based on RSVPTE signaling protocol is proposed to encompass degradation
due to crosstalk in alloptical networks. Simulation results show that it achieves low blocking
probability and allows to design larger domains of transparency.
© 2008 Optical Society of America
$ : (060.4265) Networks, wavelength routing, (060.4250) Networks
%
Lightpaths in transparent optical networks are affected by physical impairments and can be established only if the
required optical signal quality is ensured. In [1] impairments such as ASE, polarization mode dispersion (PMD),
chromatic dispersion (CD), and selfphase modulation (SPM) are accounted as optical signal quality criteria by
associating them to cumulative physical parameters. Thus the optical signal quality can be estimated by
accumulating the physical parameter values using GMPLS protocol extensions [2].
However, encompassing crosstalk in the distributed GMPLS control plane poses a harder challenge. Indeed, while
the aforementioned impairments are independent of the network state (i.e., the active wavelength channels),
crosstalkgenerated impairments heavily depend on the intranode relations between the active wavelength channels.
Moreover, the crosstalk introduced by a newly set up lightpath might impact the optical signal quality of already
established lightpaths. Thus, new lightpaths should be admitted not only if they have an acceptable signal quality,
but also if the crosstalk they induce on the existing lightpaths is acceptable.
Several studies [3][4] analyzed crosstalk in a centralized scenario, where a centralized network element is aware of
the crosstalk characteristics of each optical node (i.e., adjacent channel (X
adj
) and fabric port (X
port
) crosstalk [3]),
and of both the route (i.e., nodes and links) and the wavelength utilized by each lightpath. In this way, for each
lightpath request the centralized element is able to quantify the degradation caused by crosstalk and take it into
account in the routing and wavelength assignment. However, this estimation is not straightforward in distributed
GMPLScontrolled transparent optical networks. The OSPFTE routing protocol floods neither the crosstalk
characteristics of the optical nodes, nor the route taken by existing lightpaths, which are necessary to evaluate the
crosstalk contribution of the existing lightpaths on the new ones and viceversa. An approach to overcome this issue
implies the adding of worstcase crosstalk margins when computing the overall optical signal quality degradation.
We will show that this solution penalizes too much the transparent domain size and the number of established
lightpaths.
In this paper a solution based on the RSVPTE signaling protocol is proposed. The degradation due to crosstalk is
taken into account by the proposed Crosstalk Vector (XV) object, used to identify the preferred wavelengths [5], e.g.
the ones with minimum added crosstalk. Simulation results show that the XV solution permits to effectively manage
crosstalk degradation in GMPLScontrolled networks, significantly outperforming the approach based on worstcase
margins in terms of blocking probability and allowed size of the domain of transparency.
& ’!() * +
An optical signal to noise ratio (OSNR)based model is considered [2]. The modeled impairments, hereafter called
linkimpairments, are represented by four physical parameters which cumulate linearly: 1/OSNR, PMD
2
, CD and the
nonlinear phase shifting Φ
NL
accounting for SPM. CD and Φ
NL
are expressed as penalties to the OSNR cumulated
along the path. Physical parameters are cumulated in an extended version of the RSVPTE protocol during the
signaling phase of the lightpath set up [2]. The estimation of the optical signal quality is made at the destination
node and it works as follows. The path is accepted if PMD is within an acceptable range [1] and if the global OSNR
of the path (OSNR
p
) is higher than a threshold OSNR
th
= OSNR
min,RX
+ !. OSNR
min,RX
is the minimum OSNR
acceptable at the receiver and ! are worstcase assumptions for not accounted impairments, such as non
linear effects, polarizationdependent losses, and ageing, added to guarantee that no intolerable lightpath is
established. If the crosstalk is not explicitly estimated, margins can be used to take the crosstalk contribution into
account as well.