1 ɋɬɚɪɨɞɭɛɨɜ ȼ.ɂ., Ʉɨɜɚɥɟɜɫɤɚɹ Ɉ.Ƚ., Ʌɨɡɨɜɫɤɢɣ Ⱥ.ȼ., Ɍɢɯɨɦɢɪɨɜ Ⱥ.ȼ. ɉɨɡɢɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɜ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɢɯ ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ //Ƚɥɚɜɧɵɣ ɜɪɚɱ: ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɩɪɚɜɨ. – 2004. - № 2. - ɋ.34-41. ɉɪɨɜɟɞɟɧɨ ɚɧɤɟɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ 51 ɪɭɤɨɜɨɞɢɬɟɥɹ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ. ȼ ɰɟɥɨɦ, ɜɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɚɧɤɟɬɵ ɬɟɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɪɚɫɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɥɢɫɶ ɩɨ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɦ ɨɛɨɫɨɛɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɚɦ: I – ɨ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ (3); II – ɨ ɜɥɢɹɧɢɢ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤɨɜ ɮɢɧɚɧɫɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ, ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ (3); III – ɨ ɬɨɜɚɪɧɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɟ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɜ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ (6); IV – ɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɨɤɚɡɚɧɢɸ ɭɫɥɭɝ ɜ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ (4); V – ɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɣ, ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɢɯ ɭɫɥɭɝɢ ɜ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ (8); VI – ɨɛ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɹɯ – ɩɨɥɭɱɚɬɟɥɹɯ ɛɸɞɠɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɪɟɞɫɬɜ (4); VII – ɨɛ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɹɯ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɨɬ ɢɧɵɯ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ (5); VIII – ɨɛ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɭɱɪɟɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɡɞɪɚɜɨɨɯɪɚɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ (6); IX – ɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɯɨɡɹɣɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ ɨɛɨɪɨɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɭɱɚɫɬɧɢɤɨɜ (2). I. Ɉ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ. ɇɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ ɟɝɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ, ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɨɜ (62,7%) ɨɬɜɟɬɢɥɨ ɭɬɜɟɪɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ, ɩɪɢɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɱɬɢ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɩɹɬɵɣ (19,6%) – ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ. Ɂɚɬɪɭɞɧɢɥɨɫɶ ɫ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɦ 17,7% ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɨɜ. ɇɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ, ɭɬɜɟɪɞɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɢɥɨ 31,3% ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɨɜ, ɜ ɬɨ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɤɚɤ 49,0% - ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ. Ɂɚɬɪɭɞɧɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɦ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɜɵɡɜɚɥ ɭ 19,7% ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɨɜ. ɇɚ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ, ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ, ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɢɥɨ ɨɞɢɧɚɤɨɜɨɟ ɱɢɫɥɨ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɨɜ (39,2%). Ɂɚɬɪɭɞɧɢɜɲɢɯɫɹ ɫ ɨɬɜɟɬɨɦ – 21,6%. ȼ ɰɟɥɨɦ, ɩɨ ɜɨɩɪɨɫɚɦ ɨ ɫɨɱɟɬɚɧɢɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ, ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɚɬɨɪɨɜ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨɦ (62,7%), ɩɪɢɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ (49,0%), ɢ ɟɝɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ (39,2%) ɧɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɢɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ. ɇɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɵɟ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɪɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɵ ɱɚɳɟ ɩɨɥɚɝɚɸɬ, ɱɬɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ (39,2%), ɢ ɪɟɠɟ – ɱɬɨ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ (31,3%). Ɋɟɫɩɨɧɞɟɧɬɵ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ ɨɬɞɚɸɬ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɬɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɦɭ, ɱɬɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ, ɱɟɦ ɬɨɦɭ, ɱɬɨ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ, ɢ ɟɳɟ ɦɟɧɶɲɟ ɬɨɦɭ, ɱɬɨ ɢɦɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɭɫɬɪɨɣɫɬɜɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɨɦ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɸɪɢɞɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɥɢɰɚ.